Java Hibernate 中 JTA、JPA 和普通 JDBC 的区别
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Difference between JTA, JPA and Plain JDBC in hibernate
提问by Aashutosh
What is the difference between JTA, JPAand Plain JDBCin terms of Hibernate?
是什么区别JTA，JPA而Plain JDBCHibernate中的条款？
回答by Bozho
In order for a difference to exist, there should be something in common, and apart from being database-related (although JTA is not only that), they have nothing more in common:
为了存在差异，应该有一些共同点，除了与数据库相关（虽然JTA不仅如此）之外，它们没有更多的共同点：
JPA is a standard for Java object-relational mapping - it specifies a set of annotations and an interface -
EntityManagerto perform persistence operations with the mapped objects. Hibernate implements the JPA standardplain JDBC is a technology for accessing databases. It is what Hibernate actually uses to perform the database operations, "under the hood". It uses JDBC to send queries to the database.
JTAis a transaction API, and it is optional in Hibernate. It handles (logically) the transaction behaviour.
JPA 是 Java 对象关系映射的标准——它指定了一组注解和一个接口——
EntityManager以对映射对象执行持久化操作。Hibernate 实现了 JPA 标准普通 JDBC 是一种访问数据库的技术。它实际上是 Hibernate 用于执行数据库操作的“幕后”。它使用 JDBC 向数据库发送查询。
JTA是一个事务 API，它在 Hibernate 中是可选的。它处理（逻辑上）事务行为。
回答by ozeray
JDBCis a Java standard for database connection.JPAisolates the Java developer from the inner workings of JDBC and database operations. Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA and Data Nucleus are famous JPA implementations.JTAis a standard for transactions, allowing for management of multiple transactions among multiple databases.
JDBC是用于数据库连接的 Java 标准。JPA将 Java 开发人员与 JDBC 和数据库操作的内部工作隔离开来。Hibernate、EclipseLink、OpenJPA 和 Data Nucleus 是著名的 JPA 实现。JTA是事务的标准，允许管理多个数据库之间的多个事务。
JPAutilizesJDBCfor database connections and SQL-related operations, and -optionally- utilizesJTAfor delegating distributed transaction management details to it.
JPA利用JDBC数据库连接和SQL相关操作，以及-optionally-利用JTA委派分布式事务管理的细节吧。
回答by Praveesh P
JPA (Java Persistence API) is the Java ORM standard/specification for storing, accessing, and managing Java objects in a relational database. Hibernate is an implementation of the Java Persistence API (JPA) specification.
JPA（Java Persistence API）是用于在关系数据库中存储、访问和管理 Java 对象的 Java ORM 标准/规范。Hibernate 是 Java Persistence API (JPA) 规范的实现。
JTA (Java Transaction API) is the Java standard/specification for distributed transactions. It comes into picture when you have transactions that spans across multiple connections/DBs/resources. Atomikos is an implementation of JTA. (Appservers like IBM Websphere has their own JTA implementations.)
JTA（Java 事务 API）是分布式事务的 Java 标准/规范。当您的事务跨越多个连接/数据库/资源时，它就会出现。Atomikos 是 JTA 的一个实现。（像 IBM Websphere 这样的应用服务器有自己的 JTA 实现。）
