使用@ExceptionHandler的Spring-MVC异常处理示例
时间：2020-02-23 14:35:54 来源:igfitidea点击:
在本教程中，我们将看到如何使用@ExceptionalHandler在SpringMVC中进行异常处理。当异常发生时，可以使用@ExceptionHandler重定向到错误视图。
让我们通过例子来理解这一点：
步骤
1)使用Maven在Eclipse中创建动态Web项目名为"SpringmvcexceptionalHaremple"
Maven依赖项
2)我们的pom.xml看起来如下
pom.xml.
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.igi.theitroad</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringRestfulWebServicesWithJSONExample</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SpringRestfulWebServicesWithJSONExample Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.Hymanson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>Hymanson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringRestfulWebServicesWithJSONExample</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}</source>
<target>${jdk.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.2.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version>
</properties>
</project>
Spring应用程序配置：
3)更改Web.xml如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>springrest</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springrest</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
4)在/Web-Inf /文件夹中创建名为springrest-servlet.xml的XML文件。
请更改上下文：组件扫描如果要使用不同的套装来搜索控制器。
请参阅Spring MVC Hello World示例以获取更多的理解。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven
<context:component-scan base-package="org.igi.theitroad.controller"
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler
</beans>
创建控制器
6)在包org.igi.theitroad.Controller中创建名为"helloWorldcontroller.java"的控制器
package org.igi.theitroad.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.igi.theitroad.exception.CustomException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
private static final Logger logger = Logger
.getLogger(HelloWorldController.class);
@RequestMapping("/helloworld/{helloType}")
public ModelAndView hello(@PathVariable("helloType") String helloType)
throws CustomException, IOException {
String helloWorldMessage="";
if (helloType.equalsIgnoreCase("CustomException")) {
throw new CustomException("Custom exception occured");
} else if (helloType.equalsIgnoreCase("IOException")) {
throw new IOException(" IO exception occured");
} else {
helloWorldMessage = "Hello world from theitroad!";
}
return new ModelAndView("hello", "message", helloWorldMessage);
}
@ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
public ModelAndView catchCustomException(CustomException ex) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("Custom_Exception");
model.addObject("errorMessage", ex.getMessage());
return model;
}
@ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
public ModelAndView catchIOException(IOException ex) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("IOException");
model.addObject("errorMessage", ex.getMessage());
return model;
}
}
创建视图
正如我们所看到的，我们已经注释了两种方法：CatchCustomexception和@ExceptionHandler的CatchioException。
这些方法分别处理CoreMexception和IoException。
修改下面的index.jsp a s
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>HelloWorld</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello World!!
</body>
</html>
在/web-inf /文件夹中创建custom_excepion.jsp以处理cortomexception异常。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Custom Exception</title>
</head>
<body>
${errorMessage}
</body>
</html>
在下面创建IoException.jsp中/web-inf文件夹中以处理ioException。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>IO Exception</title>
</head>
<body>
${errorMessage}
</body>
</html>
7)这是时候做Maven建造了。
右键单击项目 - >运行AS - > Maven Build
8)将目标作为清洁安装(下面给出)，然后单击运行
运行应用程序
9)右键单击项目 - >在服务器上运行AS - >运行
选择Apache Tomcat，然后单击"完成"
10)让我们下面点击URL http：//localhost：8080/springmvcexceptionalhlerexample/helloworld/hello
正如我们所看到的，它与UP上的URL正常工作。
现在让我们击中一些URL，它将抛出异常，并且例外将由@ExcpetionHandler处理。
当你下面点击你的网址。
http：//localhost：8080/springmvcexceptionalhlerexample/helloworld/coreomexception
如我们所见，当我们按下URL时，通过CARTCustomexception方法抛出并处理CoreMexception。
当你下面点击你的网址。
http：//localhost：8080/springmvcexceptionallerexample/helloworld/ioException
正如我们所看到的，当我们按下URL时，通过CatchioException方法抛出并处理CoreMexception。
