Spring @Autowired 不工作错误创建 Autowire 依赖项的 Bean 注入失败

Question

提问by IceNine

I use Spring and I have a lot of trouble using the @Autowiredannotation. Upon compiling it throws these errors EDITI am using regular java classes to write my classes. This is not causing the problem, is it?

我使用 Spring 并且在使用@Autowired注释时遇到了很多麻烦。编译后它会抛出这些错误编辑我使用常规的 Java 类来编写我的类。这不是问题的原因，是吗？

Aug 12, 2013 2:40:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: No Spring WebApplicationInitializer types detected on classpath
Aug 12, 2013 2:40:32 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
Aug 12, 2013 2:40:33 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'homeController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller.HomeController.personImport; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:585)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:384)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4887)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5381)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:657)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:536)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1462)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
    at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
    at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:791)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1445)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.deploy(ManagerServlet.java:860)
    at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.doGet(ManagerServlet.java:357)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:108)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:581)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1008)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller.HomeController.personImport; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
    ... 53 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:924)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:793)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:707)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
    ... 55 more

Aug 12, 2013 2:40:33 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext

HomeController.java

主控制器.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller;

import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person;
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories.PersonRepository;
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class HomeController {
    @Autowired
    PersonImport personImport;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String Home()
    {
        return "index";
    }
}

PersonImport.java

人员导入.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service;
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person;
import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories.PersonRepository;
import javax.transaction.Transaction;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

@Service
public class PersonImport {
    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository PersonRepository;

    public Person doImportPerson( String id)
    {   
        Person person = PersonRepository.findById(id);
        if (person == null) {
            person = new Person(id,"anthony");
        }
        PersonRepository.save(person);
        System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++hello+++++++++++++");
        return person;
    }
}

PersonRepository.java

import com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain.Person;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.core.GraphDatabase;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.repository.GraphRepository;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.repository.NamedIndexRepository;

public interface PersonRepository extends GraphRepository<Person>, NamedIndexRepository<Person>{
    Person findById(String id);
}

Person.java

人.java

package com.mycompany.smsdatabase.domain;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.GraphId;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.Indexed;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.annotation.NodeEntity;
import org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.index.IndexType;

@NodeEntity
public class Person {
    @GraphId Long nodeId;
    @Indexed(unique=true)
    String id;
    @Indexed(indexType=IndexType.FULLTEXT, indexName = "people")
    String name;
    private Date birthday;

    public Person(String id, String name)
    {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}

web.xml

网页.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
     version="3.0">

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
        <param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Location of Java @Configuration classes that configure the components that makeup this application -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>com.mycompany.smsdatabase.controller
                     /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- Ensure UTF-8 character encoding is used -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- Enables support for DELETE and PUT request methods with web browser clients -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>H2Console</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.h2.server.web.WebServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>-webAllowOthers</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>H2Console</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/admin/h2/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

DispatchServlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase" />

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

Application context.xml

应用上下文.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:neo4j="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/neo4j/spring-neo4j.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

  <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <context:spring-configured/>

    <bean 
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>

    <neo4j:config storeDirectory="target/data/graph.db"/>
    <neo4j:repositories base-package="com.mycompany.smsdatabase.repositories"/>

    <bean id="graphDatabaseService" class="org.neo4j.test.ImpermanentGraphDatabase" destroy-method="shutdown"/>
    <tx:annotation-driven mode="proxy"/>
</beans>

Answer 1

回答by BobTheBuilder

I had the same problem and found a solution.

我遇到了同样的问题并找到了解决方案。

The problem is that your class is proxied (either by @transactional or something similar). Spring cannot tell that this proxy is an instance of your class, as this is proxied to an interface.

问题是你的班级被代理（通过@transactional 或类似的东西）。Spring 无法判断此代理是您的类的实例，因为它被代理到一个接口。

I've found two solutions:

我找到了两个解决方案：

create an interface PersonImportand @Autowireit instead of the class.
Use: proxy-target-class="true"in <tx:annotation-driven>

创建一个interface PersonImport和@Autowire它而不是类。
用途：proxy-target-class="true"在<tx:annotation-driven>

Answer 2

回答by Khawaja Shoaib

Just add the following to your bean wiring XML file (contextConfigLocation)

只需将以下内容添加到您的 bean 连接 XML 文件 ( contextConfigLocation)

<bean id="name of the object" class="com.java.model.FirstModelImple" />

in my case this is helpful and solved ma problem/ Exception

在我的情况下，这很有帮助并解决了问题/异常

Answer 3

回答by yname

Try to make PersonImport interface and rename class PersonImportto PersonImportImpl implements PersonImport.

尝试制作 PersonImport 接口并将类重命名PersonImport为PersonImportImpl implements PersonImport.

Answer 4

回答by superkruger

Remove the 'exclude-filter' from your Spring configuration. It's telling Spring to ignore all Controller annotated classes. So HomeController won't be injected with any Autowired objects.

从您的 Spring 配置中删除“排除过滤器”。它告诉 Spring 忽略所有 Controller 注释的类。所以 HomeController 不会被注入任何 Autowired 对象。

Answer 5

回答by saurav

It is very clear from the exception that ,no bean is available of type PersonImportin your application contexts. Declare the person import bean in your configuration file and then try.

从异常中可以清楚地看出，PersonImport在您的应用程序上下文中没有可用类型的 bean 。在您的配置文件中声明 person import bean，然后尝试。

  <bean id="personImport" class="com.mycompany.smsdatabase.service.PersonImport"/>

Spring @Autowired 不工作错误创建 Autowire 依赖项的 Bean 注入失败

提问by IceNine

回答by BobTheBuilder

回答by Khawaja Shoaib

回答by yname

回答by superkruger

回答by saurav

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Spring @Autowired 不工作错误创建 Autowire 依赖项的 Bean 注入失败

提问by IceNine

回答by BobTheBuilder

回答by Khawaja Shoaib

回答by yname

回答by superkruger

回答by saurav

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