Ruby-on-rails Capistrano 3 须藤任务
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Capistrano 3 sudo task
提问by crimi
I want to write a recipe with Capistrano 3 executing a task on the remote server with sudo.
我想用 Capistrano 3 编写一个使用 sudo 在远程服务器上执行任务的配方。
With Capistrano 2 this could be done for example:
使用 Capistrano 2 可以这样做，例如：
default_run_options[:pty] = true
task :hello do
run "#{sudo} cp ~/something /something"
end
With Capistrano 3 I found:
使用 Capistrano 3 我发现：
set :pty, true
But I could not get to execute a task running with sudo.
但是我无法执行使用 sudo 运行的任务。
How can I run a task with sudo?
如何使用 sudo 运行任务？
回答by Ian
The Capistrano 3 guide recommends the use of passwordless sudo. This allows your less-priveleged user execute the sudo command without having to enter a password via the PTY.
Capistrano 3 指南推荐使用无密码 sudo。这允许您的低权限用户执行 sudo 命令，而无需通过 PTY 输入密码。
You can use the task that Kentaro wrote above, and add something like the following to your /etc/sudoers file:
您可以使用 Kentaro 上面编写的任务，并将如下内容添加到您的 /etc/sudoers 文件中：
deploy ALL=NOPASSWD:/bin/cp ~/something /something
http://www.capistranorb.com/documentation/getting-started/authentication-and-authorisation/#toc_8
http://www.capistranorb.com/documentation/getting-started/authentication-and-authorisation/#toc_8
回答by Kentaro Imai
I usually write like this:
我通常这样写：
task :hello do
on roles(:all) do |host|
execute :sudo, :cp, '~/something', '/something'
end
end
Edit
编辑
Capistrano 3 does not support sudo with password.
Capistrano 3 不支持带密码的 sudo。
However, I created a small gem, which enables you to use sudo with password in Capistrano 3 task.
但是，我创建了一个小gem，它使您可以在 Capistrano 3 任务中使用带密码的 sudo 。
Add sshkit-sudoto your application's Gemfile:
将sshkit-sudo添加到应用程序的 Gemfile 中：
# Gemfile
gem 'sshkit-sudo'
And require 'sshkit/sudo' in you Capfile:
并在您的 Capfile 中要求 'sshkit/sudo'：
# Capfile
require 'sshkit/sudo'
Now, you can execute a command with sudo as follows:
现在，您可以使用 sudo 执行命令，如下所示：
task :hello do
on roles(:all) do
sudo :cp, '~/something', '/something'
end
end
回答by ajtrichards
To resolve this issue I needed to add set :pty, trueto my deploy.rbfile.
为了解决这个问题，我需要添加set :pty, true到我的deploy.rb文件中。
I can now run the following:
我现在可以运行以下命令：
# config valid only for Capistrano 3.1
lock '3.1.0'
set :application, 'APP_NAME'
set :pty, true
set :ssh_options, {:forward_agent => true}
namespace :deploy do
desc 'Restart NGINX'
task :restart do
on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 1 do
execute :sudo, "./restart.sh"
end
end
end
This task basically runs a shell script called restart.shthat has a command within sudo service nginx restart.
此任务基本上运行一个名为的 shell 脚本restart.sh，该脚本在sudo service nginx restart.
回答by Joe McDonagh
you want "as user do end", like
你想要“作为用户结束”，比如
as "root" do
execute :something
end
回答by craigmcnamara
If you really need to use sudoyou can always map the command like SSHKit.config.command_map[:rm] = 'sudo rm'which will make execute :rminto the proper rmcommand invoked with sudo. If your deploy user is in the sudoers things will work as expected.
如果你真的需要使用sudo你总是可以映射命令一样SSHKit.config.command_map[:rm] = 'sudo rm'，这将使execute :rm到合适的rm与调用的命令sudo。如果您的部署用户在 sudoers 中，事情将按预期工作。
