一个一般的 linux 文件权限问题：Apache 和 WordPress
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A general linux file permissions question: Apache and WordPress
提问by kovshenin
I moved from a shared hosting to a VPS a few weeks ago and I'm having these annoying permission issues with WordPress. You know you can download and upgrade plugins (and wordpress itself) from the admin panel, but since I moved it started asking me my FTP credentials, which is kinda slow when I have to update ~20 plugins.
几周前我从共享主机转移到 VPS，我遇到了这些烦人的 WordPress 权限问题。你知道你可以从管理面板下载和升级插件（和 wordpress 本身），但是自从我移动它开始询问我的 FTP 凭据，当我必须更新大约 20 个插件时，这有点慢。
I think this should be some kind of rights issue. I looked that the shared hosting wordpress files, they all belong to the username and group kovshenin (kovshenin:kovshenin) and the files are -rw-r--r-- and the directories are drwx-r-xr-x.
我认为这应该是某种权利问题。我查看了共享托管wordpress文件，它们都属于用户名和组kovshenin（kovshenin：kovshenin），文件是-rw-r--r--，目录是drwx-r-xr-x。
On my VPS apache runs under apache:apache and my files are kovshenin:kovshenin. What should I do to make them readable and writable by both kovshenin and apache?
在我的 VPS 上，apache 在 apache:apache 下运行，我的文件是 kovshenin:kovshenin。我应该怎么做才能使它们对 kovshenin 和 apache 可读和可写？
Also, I changed the permissions to 0777 for all files and folders of my wordpress installation, that allowed me to install and delete plugins without FTP, but when I pushed to automatic upgrade to WordPress 2.8.1 it still asked me for my FTP account. Is that a wp issue or did I miss something?
此外，我将 wordpress 安装的所有文件和文件夹的权限更改为 0777，这允许我在没有 FTP 的情况下安装和删除插件，但是当我推送到自动升级到 WordPress 2.8.1 时，它仍然要求我提供我的 FTP 帐户。这是 wp 问题还是我错过了什么？
Thanks.
谢谢。
Update: I managed to run idand id www-dataon the MediaTemple shared hosting. User kovshenin is in group kovshenin, and www-data is in group www-data. No more groups. What's the trick?
更新：我设法运行id，并id www-data在MEDIATEMPLE共同主办。用户 kovshenin 在 kovshenin 组中，www-data 在 www-data 组中。没有更多的团体。有什么诀窍？
Another updateOkay, I added the apacheuser to the kovsheningroup, my wordpress files are kovshenin:kovsheninwith rw-rw-r--permissions and drwxrwxr-xpermissions on directories, but something is still wrong. The user apachecan access the files and folders, I can use the online Themes and Plugins editor in the wordpress admin panel, I'm able to make changes to the .htaccess file from within wordpress, but plugin/theme installation still asks me for FTP credentials!
另一个更新好的，我将apache用户添加到kovshenin组中，我的 wordpress 文件kovshenin:kovshenin具有rw-rw-r--权限和drwxrwxr-x目录权限，但仍然有问题。用户apache可以访问文件和文件夹，我可以使用 wordpress 管理面板中的在线主题和插件编辑器，我可以从 wordpress 中更改 .htaccess 文件，但插件/主题安装仍然要求我提供 FTP证书！
Any ideas? Thanks.
有任何想法吗？谢谢。
回答by caf
What should I do to make them readable and writable by both kovshenin and apache?
我应该怎么做才能使它们对 kovshenin 和 apache 可读和可写？
- Create a new group, say "wordpress".
- Add both koveshenin and www-data users to the wordpress group.
- Change the group owner of all the files to wordpress (using chgrp).
- Make sure all the files are group writeable.
- Set the g+s (setgid) permission bit on all the directoriesof interest.
- Make sure kovshenin and apache's default umask includes group read & write permission.
- 创建一个新组，说“wordpress”。
- 将 koveshenin 和 www-data 用户添加到 wordpress 组。
- 将所有文件的组所有者更改为 wordpress（使用 chgrp）。
- 确保所有文件都是组可写的。
- 在所有感兴趣的目录上设置 g+s (setgid) 权限位。
- 确保 kovshenin 和 apache 的默认 umask 包括组读写权限。
The second last step is the trick. It means that whenever kovshenin or apache creates a file in those directories, the group owner will be set to wordpress (instead of kovshenin or apache).
最后一步是诀窍。这意味着每当 kovshenin 或 apache 在这些目录中创建文件时，组所有者将被设置为 wordpress（而不是 kovshenin 或 apache）。
回答by KahWee Teng
回答by Reza S
Assuming your wordpress install directory is /var/www/htmlto mass change all the files and directories to the proper permission use:
假设您的 wordpress 安装目录是/var/www/html将所有文件和目录批量更改为正确的权限使用：
sudo find /var/www/html/ -type d -exec chmod 775 {} \;
sudo find /var/www/html/ -type f -exec chmod 664 {} \;
To mass change the owner group of everything use:
要批量更改所有内容的所有者组，请使用：
sudo chgrp -R <desired_username>.<desired_groupname> /var/www/html
回答by Manje Brinkhuis
Currently, adding define('FS_METHOD', 'direct');to wp-config.php might do the trick. Not sure that would have worked in '09 though. See herefor my similar case using nginx. I found that it was an essential step.
目前，添加define('FS_METHOD', 'direct');到 wp-config.php 可能会奏效。不确定这在 09 年是否有效。请参阅此处了解我使用 nginx 的类似案例。我发现这是必不可少的一步。
回答by Fede
I had the same problem and I solved it turning off PHP 'safe_mode' in plesk, now WP can create folders and move files without any problems.
我遇到了同样的问题，我在 plesk 中关闭 PHP 'safe_mode' 解决了这个问题，现在 WP 可以创建文件夹并移动文件而没有任何问题。
I hope this help you.
我希望这对你有帮助。
