在 Vim 中运行 Python 代码
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Running Python code in Vim
提问by multigoodverse
I am writing Python code using Vim, and every time I want to run my code, I type this inside Vim:
我正在使用 Vim 编写 Python 代码，每次我想运行我的代码时，我都会在 Vim 中输入：
:w !python
This gets frustrating, so I was looking for a quicker method to run Python code inside Vim. Executing Python scripts from a terminal maybe? I am using Linux.
这令人沮丧，所以我正在寻找一种更快的方法来在 Vim 中运行 Python 代码。也许从终端执行 Python 脚本？我正在使用 Linux。
采纳答案by Kent
How about adding an autocmdto your ~/.vimrc-file, creating a mapping:
如何autocmd向您的~/.vimrc-file添加一个，创建一个映射：
autocmd FileType python map <buffer> <F9> :w<CR>:exec '!python3' shellescape(@%, 1)<CR>
autocmd FileType python imap <buffer> <F9> <esc>:w<CR>:exec '!python3' shellescape(@%, 1)<CR>
then you could press <F9>to execute the current buffer with python
然后你可以按下<F9>执行当前缓冲区python
Explanation:
解释：
autocmd: command that Vim will execute automatically on{event}(here: if you open a python file)[i]map: creates a keyboard shortcut to<F9>in insert/normal mode<buffer>: If multiple buffers/files are open: just use the active one<esc>: leaving insert mode:w<CR>: saves your file!: runs the following command in your shell (try:!ls)%: is replaced by the filename of your active buffer. Butsince it can contain things like whitespace and other "bad" stuff it is better practise not to write:python %, but use:shellescape: escape the special characters. The1means with a backslash
autocmd: Vim 将自动执行的命令{event}（这里：如果你打开一个 python 文件）[i]map:<F9>在插入/正常模式下创建一个键盘快捷键<buffer>：如果多个缓冲区/文件打开：只使用活动的<esc>: 退出插入模式:w<CR>: 保存你的文件!: 在你的 shell 中运行以下命令（尝试:!ls）%: 由活动缓冲区的文件名替换。但是由于它可以包含诸如空格和其他“坏”东西之类的东西，因此最好不要写:python %，而是使用：shellescape: 转义特殊字符。1带反斜杠的意思
TL;DR: The first line will work in normal mode and once you press <F9>it first saves your file and then run the file with python.
The second does the same thing, but leaves insert mode first
TL;DR：第一行将在正常模式下工作，一旦你按下<F9>它，首先保存你的文件，然后用 python 运行文件。第二个做同样的事情，但首先离开插入模式
回答by TankorSmash
Keep in mind that you're able to repeat the last used command with @:, so that's all you'd need to repeat are those two character.
请记住，您可以使用 重复上次使用的命令@:，因此您只需要重复这两个字符即可。
Or you could save the string w !pythoninto one of the registers (like "afor example) and then hit :<C-R>a<CR>to insert the contents of register ainto the commandline and run it.
或者您可以将字符串保存w !python到其中一个寄存器中（"a例如），然后点击:<C-R>a<CR>将寄存器的内容插入a命令行并运行它。
Or you can do what I do and map <leader>zto :!python %<CR>to run the current file.
或者你可以做我想做的，并映射<leader>z到:!python %<CR>运行当前文件。
回答by multigoodverse
A simple method would be to type :while in normal mode, and then press the up arrow key on the keyboard and press Enter. This will repeat the last typed commands on VIM.
一种简单的方法是:在正常模式下键入，然后按键盘上的向上箭头键并按 Enter。这将在 VIM 上重复上次键入的命令。
回答by shmup
If you want to quickly jump back through your :wcommands, a cool thing is to type :wand then press your up arrow. It will only cycle through commands that start with w.
如果您想快速跳回您的:w命令，一个很酷的方法是键入:w然后按向上箭头。它只会循环以w.开头的命令。
回答by czayas
I have this in my .vimrc file:
我的 .vimrc 文件中有这个：
imap <F5> <Esc>:w<CR>:!clear;python %<CR>
When I'm done editing a Python script, I just press <F5>. The script is saved and then executed in a blank screen.
完成 Python 脚本的编辑后，只需按<F5>。脚本被保存，然后在空白屏幕中执行。
回答by Bob Cressman
Put your cursor in the code somewhere. Right click and choose one of the "Select" choices to highlight your code. Then press Ctrl : and you will see the new prompt '<, >'
将光标放在代码中的某处。右键单击并选择“选择”选项之一以突出显示您的代码。然后按 Ctrl : 你会看到新的提示 '<, >'
Now type !python and see if that works.
现在输入 !python 并查看是否有效。
I just spend days trying to figure out the same problem!!! I used the coding:
我只是花了几天时间试图找出同样的问题！！！我使用了编码：
s='My name'
print (s)
After I pulled out all my hair, I finally got it right!
在我拔掉所有头发后，我终于做对了！
回答by user2587717
This .vimrc mapping needs Conque Shell, but it replicates Geany (and other X editors') behaviour:
这个 .vimrc 映射需要Conque Shell，但它复制了 Geany（和其他 X 编辑器）的行为：
- Press a key to execute
- Executes in gnome-terminal
- Waits for confirmation to exit
Window closes automatically on exit
:let dummy = conque_term#subprocess('gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"python ' . expand("%") . '; answer=\\\"z\\\"; while [ $answer != \\\"q\\\" ]; do printf \\\"\nexited with code $?, press (q) to quit: \\\"; read -n 1 answer; done; \" "')
- 按一个键执行
- 在 gnome-terminal 中执行
- 等待确认退出
退出时窗口自动关闭
:let dummy = conque_term#subprocess('gnome-terminal -e "bash -c \"python ' . expand("%") . '; answer=\\\"z\\\"; while [ $answer != \\\"q\\\" ]; do printf \\\"\nexited with code $?, press (q) to quit: \\\"; read -n 1 answer; done; \" "')
回答by Yosh
For generic use (run python/haskell/ruby/C++... from vim based on the filetype), there's a nice plugin called vim-quickrun. It supports many programming languages by default. It is easily configurable, too, so one can define preferred behaviours for any filetype if needed. The github repo does not have a fancy readme, but it is well documented with the doc file.
对于一般用途（运行 python/haskell/ruby/C++... 从基于 的vim filetype），有一个很好的插件叫做vim-quickrun。它默认支持多种编程语言。它也很容易配置，因此可以根据需要为任何文件类型定义首选行为。github repo 没有花哨的自述文件，但它在 doc 文件中有很好的记录。
回答by derwin
I have this on my .vimrc:
我的 .vimrc 上有这个：
"map <F9> :w<CR>:!python %<CR>"
which saves the current buffer and execute the code with presing only Esc + F9
保存当前缓冲区并仅按 Esc + F9 执行代码
回答by Jabba
If you don't want to see ":exec python file.py" printed each time, use this:
如果您不想:exec python file.py每次都看到 " " 打印，请使用以下命令：
nnoremap <F9> :echo system('python2 "' . expand('%') . '"')<cr>
nnoremap <F10> :echo system('python3 "' . expand('%') . '"')<cr>
It didn't mess up my powerline / vim-airline statusbar either.
它也没有弄乱我的 powerline / vim-airline 状态栏。
