bash 将 ipython notebook 转换为可直接执行的 python 脚本
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Convert ipython notebook to directly-executable python script
提问by jtlz2
I have a jupyter/ipythonnotebook that I am using for prototyping and tutoring.
我有一个jupyter/ipython笔记本，用于原型设计和辅导。
I export it as a python script using the menu dropdown or nbconvert, i.e.
我使用菜单下拉菜单或将其导出为 python 脚本nbconvert，即
ipython nbconvert --to python notebook.ipynb
However, I would like to make notebook.pyexecutable directly without having to hack it by hand each time, in order that I can keep updating notebook.ipynband overwriting notebook.pywith my changes. I also want to include command-line arguments in notebook.py. My boilerplate is, for example:
但是，我想notebook.py直接制作可执行文件，而不必每次都手动修改它，以便我可以不断更新notebook.ipynb和覆盖notebook.py我的更改。我还想在notebook.py. 例如，我的样板是：
#!/usr/bin/env ipython
import sys
x=sys.argv[-1]
with chmod +x notebook.pyof course.
有chmod +x notebook.py当然的。
One route could be to make these lines (be they python or command-line directives) ignorable in the jupyter/ipythonnotebook - is there a way to do this by e.g. detecting the jupyter/ipythonenvironment?
一种方法可能是使jupyter/ipython笔记本中的这些行（无论是 python 还是命令行指令）可忽略- 有没有办法通过例如检测jupyter/ipython环境来做到这一点？
Edit1:This is tantamount to saying:
Edit1：这相当于说：
How can I include lines in the notebook.ipynbthat will be ignored in the notebook environment but parsed in notebook.pygenerated from it?
如何notebook.ipynb在笔记本环境中包含将被忽略但从notebook.py它生成的行中解析的行？
Edit2:This question is a partial answer, but doesn't tell me how to include the #!/usr/bin/env ipythonline: How can I check if code is executed in the IPython notebook?
Edit2：这个问题是部分答案，但没有告诉我如何包含以下#!/usr/bin/env ipython行：如何检查代码是否在 IPython 笔记本中执行？
Edit3:Could be useful, but only if %%bash /usr/bin/env ipythonwould work - would it..? How do I provide inline input to an IPython (notebook) shell command?
编辑 3：可能有用，但前提是有效%%bash /usr/bin/env ipython- 会吗..？如何为 IPython（笔记本）shell 命令提供内联输入？
Edit4:Another attempted answer (subtle): Since #is a comment in python, putting #!/usr/bin/env ipythonin the first cell of the notebook means that it will be ignored in jupyter/ipython, but respected in the exported notebook.py. However, the #!directive is not at the top, but can easily be chopped off:
Edit4：另一个尝试的答案（微妙）：由于#是 python 中的注释，因此放入#!/usr/bin/env ipython笔记本的第一个单元格意味着它将在 中被忽略jupyter/ipython，但在导出的notebook.py. 但是，该#!指令不在顶部，但很容易被砍掉：
> more notebook.py
# coding: utf-8
# In[1]:
#!/usr/bin/env ipython
# In[2]:
print 'Hello'
# In[ ]:
采纳答案by jtlz2
The answer turned out to be rather straightforward.
结果证明答案相当简单。
Part 1 - Making the exported notebook.py directly executable:
第 1 部分 - 使导出的 notebook.py 直接可执行：
As described here, nbconvertcan be customized with arbitrary templates.
如上所述这里，nbconvert可以任意模板进行定制。
So create a file hashbang.tplcontaining:
所以创建一个hashbang.tpl包含以下内容的文件：
#!/usr/bin/env ipython
{% extends 'python.tpl'%}
Then at the command line execute:
然后在命令行执行：
jupyter nbconvert --to python 'notebook.ipynb' --stdout --template=hashbang.tpl > notebook.py
Hey presto:
嗨，快点：
> more notebook.py
#!/usr/bin/env ipython
# coding: utf-8
# In[1]:
print 'Hello'
...
Part 2 - Detecting the notebook environment:
第 2 部分 - 检测笔记本环境：
This answer from https://stackoverflow.com/a/39662359/1021819should do it, i.e. use the following function to test for the notebook environment:
这个来自https://stackoverflow.com/a/39662359/1021819 的答案应该可以做到，即使用以下函数来测试笔记本环境：
def isnotebook():
# From https://stackoverflow.com/a/39662359/1021819
try:
shell = get_ipython().__class__.__name__
if shell == 'ZMQInteractiveShell':
return True # Jupyter notebook or qtconsole
elif shell == 'TerminalInteractiveShell':
return False # Terminal running IPython
else:
return False # Other type (?)
except NameError:
return False # Probably standard Python interpreter
