php 使用 Composer 安装 Laravel 的问题

Problems installing laravel with composer

提问by matt

Problem:I'm wanting to explore laravel 5, and failing miserably at installing it. I'm using this guide: http://laravel.com/docs/5.0and need someone to help me understand the instructions.

问题：我想探索 laravel 5，但在安装时惨遭失败。我正在使用本指南：http: //laravel.com/docs/5.0，需要有人帮助我理解说明。

Background and What I've Tried

背景和我的尝试

I'm running Mac OSX 10.10.2 (Yosemite) and MAMP.

我正在运行 Mac OSX 10.10.2 (Yosemite) 和 MAMP。

So far, I've downloaded Composer to my home folder using terminal. There is just a composer.phar file sitting there.

到目前为止，我已经使用终端将 Composer 下载到我的主文件夹中。那里只有一个 composer.phar 文件。

When I run:

当我运行时：

composer global require "laravel/installer=~1.1"

I get the message:

我收到消息：

Changed current directory to /Users/MYUSERNAME/.composer
./composer.json has been updated
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Nothing to install or update
Generating autoload files

I assume that is ok because when I run the following in terminal, I get the composer logo and a list of options

我认为这没问题，因为当我在终端中运行以下命令时，我会得到 Composer 徽标和选项列表

~ MYUSERNAME$ composer

I'm not 100% sure what the following means, from the Laravel Docs:

我不是 100% 确定以下意思是什么，来自 Laravel Docs：

"Make sure to place the ~/.composer/vendor/bin directory in your PATH so the 
laravel executable can be located by your system." 

Because I can't figure it out, the following steps throw errors, such as:

因为想不通，下面的步骤抛出错误，比如：

-bash: laravel: command not found

I've been going through a few forums, and it's suggested that I need to update my PHP.ini file - this seems more related to Composer install, and not specifically Laravel. Because composer is working, this seems to be a dead end.

我浏览了一些论坛，建议我需要更新我的 PHP.ini 文件 - 这似乎与 Composer 安装更相关，而不是专门与 Laravel 相关。因为作曲家正在工作，所以这似乎是一个死胡同。

Ideally, I want to install Laravel 5 to the directory

理想情况下，我想将 Laravel 5 安装到目录

HomeFolder/sites/test

because Composer.phar is in my home folder, I think the command should be:

因为 Composer.phar 在我的主文件夹中，我认为命令应该是：

php composer laravel new sites/test 

or just

要不就

composer laravel new sites/test

As mentioned, it just (correctly) throws errors.

如前所述，它只是（正确地）抛出错误。

Question:If anyone can help solve my total user error, by explaining what "Make sure to place the ~/.composer/vendor/bin directory in your PATH so the laravel executable can be located by your system." means to a n00b, that'd be really appreciated.

问题：如果有人可以通过解释“确保将 ~/.composer/vendor/bin 目录放在您的 PATH 中以便您的系统可以找到 laravel 可执行文件”来帮助解决我的总用户错误。意味着 n00b，那将是非常感激的。

Many thanks!

非常感谢！

回答by Alan Storm

Laravel is a PHP framework (makes writing PHP applications easy)

Laravel 是一个 PHP 框架（使编写 PHP 应用程序变得容易）

Composer is a PHP package and dependency manager. (makes installing and updating third party code libraries easy)

Composer 是一个 PHP 包和依赖项管理器。（使安装和更新第三方代码库变得容易）

When you run

当你跑

$ composer global require "laravel/installer=~1.1"

You're using composer to install the laravel/installer=~1.1package into composer's "global" project folder (usually ~/.composer). This is what installed the command line program named laravel.

您正在使用 composer 将laravel/installer=~1.1软件包安装到 composer 的“全局”项目文件夹中（通常为~/.composer）。这就是安装名为laravel.

The command line program named laravelis a shell script for installing the PHP framework (Also named Laravel).

命名的命令行程序laravel是一个用于安装 PHP 框架（也称为 Laravel）的 shell 脚本。

Your "Unix Path" is a list of folders where a command line script will search for an executable. Usually is has folders like /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, etc. This is why when you run ls, you're actually running /usr/bin/ls-- the shell knows to check each folder in the path for a location. You can view your current path by typing

您的“Unix 路径”是命令行脚本将在其中搜索可执行文件的文件夹列表。通常有一个像文件夹/usr/bin，/usr/local/bin等等。这就是为什么当你运行ls，你实际运行/usr/bin/ls-外壳知道要检查每个文件夹中的位置的路径。您可以通过键入查看当前路径

$ echo $PATH

So, the problem is composer installed the laravelcommand line program to a folder that's not in your unix path. You need to add this folder to your unix path. You can do this by running the following (assuming you're using bash, which is OS X's default shell)

所以，问题是 composer 将laravel命令行程序安装到了一个不在你的 unix 路径中的文件夹。您需要将此文件夹添加到您的 unix 路径。您可以通过运行以下命令来执行此操作（假设您使用的bash是 OS X 的默认 shell）

$ PATH=$PATH:~/.composer/vendor/bin

If you run that, you should be able to run the laravelcommand line program and continue your installation.

如果您运行它，您应该能够运行laravel命令行程序并继续安装。

Most people add this to their .bash_profileor .bashrcfiles. The Unix Stack Exchangehas a lot of good information if you're interested in learning how to do this.

大多数人将此添加到他们的.bash_profile或.bashrc文件中。如果您有兴趣学习如何做到这一点，Unix Stack Exchange有很多很好的信息。

回答by lukasgeiter

You can add the directory to the PATHvariable by editing /etc/paths.
Here's a tutorial on how to do that.

您可以PATH通过编辑将目录添加到变量中/etc/paths。
这是一个关于如何做到这一点的教程。

Just add a line with:

只需添加一行：

~/.composer/vendor/bin

Then the laravel newcommand should work fine

然后laravel new命令应该可以正常工作

---

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If everything fails you can still use the composer create-projectcommand to make a new laravel instance:

如果一切都失败了，您仍然可以使用该composer create-project命令来创建一个新的 Laravel 实例：

composer create-project laravel/laravel sites/test --prefer-dist

回答by ellie owen

I added C:\Users\Leon\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\bin instead of ~/.composer/vendor/bin to the Path variable.

我添加 C:\Users\Leon\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\bin 而不是 ~/.composer/vendor/bin 到 Path 变量。

Here is instructions on changing the path variable on Windows 10: http://windowsitpro.com/systems-management/how-can-i-add-new-folder-my-system-path

以下是在 Windows 10 上更改路径变量的说明：http: //windowsitpro.com/systems-management/how-can-i-add-new-folder-my-system-path