如果 C++ 中不存在 getter 和 setter，有没有办法自动生成它们？
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Is there a way to automatically generate getters and setters if they aren't present in C++?
提问by Konrad Rudolph
I'm experienced with Objective-C, and in Objective-C you can let the compiler generate getters and setters for you if they aren't already present (@synthesize).
我对 Objective-C 很有经验，在 Objective-C 中，如果 getter 和 setter 尚不存在，您可以让编译器为您生成它们 ( @synthesize)。
Is there a way to do this in C++, or do I need to implement all getters and setters myself?
有没有办法在 C++ 中做到这一点，还是我需要自己实现所有的 getter 和 setter？
回答by Konrad Rudolph
The C++ Core Guidelines advise against using trivial getters and settersbecause they're unnecessary and a symptom of bad object oriented design. As such, C++ has no builtin functionality for auto-generating getters and setters (though metaclasses, if they ever get included in the language, would make this possible). This is related to the well-established software engineering principle tell, don't ask.
C++ 核心指南建议不要使用简单的 getter 和 setter，因为它们是不必要的，而且是糟糕的面向对象设计的症状。因此，C++ 没有用于自动生成 getter 和 setter 的内置功能（尽管元类，如果它们被包含在语言中，将使这成为可能）。这关系到完善的软件工程原则告诉，不要问。
In particular, mutating state via setters is usually a sign of code smell and a bad architectural design. There are exceptions from this rule, purely out of practicality. And this is fine, but the exceptions are few enough that they shouldn't warrant tools to auto-generate getters and setters.
特别是，通过 setter 改变状态通常是代码异味和糟糕的架构设计的标志。这条规则也有例外，纯粹是出于实用性。这很好，但例外情况很少，它们不应该保证自动生成 getter 和 setter 的工具。
In fact, you may use this as a litmus test: whenever you find yourself wishing for a tool to autogenerate such boilerplate, take a step back and reconsider your code design.
事实上，您可以将其用作试金石：每当您发现自己希望有一种工具来自动生成此类样板时，请退后一步并重新考虑您的代码设计。
That said, there exist a number of tools to provide the functionality and in purely practical terms they may prove useful, though I have not personally tested them:
也就是说，有许多工具可以提供这些功能，从纯粹的实用角度来看，它们可能证明是有用的，尽管我没有亲自测试过它们：
- Visual Studio Code:
- Vim
- Emacs
- Visual Studio
- CLion
- built in
- Eclipse
- built into Exclipse CDT(“Implement method”)
- 视觉工作室代码：
- 维姆
- Emacs
- 视觉工作室
- 克莱恩
- 内置
- 蚀
- 内置于Exclipse CDT（“实施方法”）
回答by ascanio
Not the compiler itself, but an IDE like eclipse CDT can actuallyperform this action automatcally (right click on class > Source > Generate Getters and Setters...).
不是编译器本身，而是像 Eclipse CDT 这样的 IDE实际上可以自动执行此操作（右键单击 class > Source > Generate Getters and Setters...）。
回答by flumpb
You have to implement them yourself
你必须自己实现它们
回答by Eugene S
There is no way to do this. However, if you use a fully-featured IDE like Eclipse (not sure if Visual Studio has this feature), there are convenience options to have the IDE generate the getter/setter code for you.
没有办法做到这一点。但是，如果您使用功能齐全的 IDE，如 Eclipse（不确定 Visual Studio 是否具有此功能），则有一些方便的选项可以让 IDE 为您生成 getter/setter 代码。
回答by duedl0r
No, the compiler doesn't help you with that. You could for example create a MACRO, or generate some code in your build step..
不，编译器不会帮助你。例如，您可以创建一个宏，或在您的构建步骤中生成一些代码。
回答by duedl0r
The advantage for me of using accessors (specialy easy in the form of c# vb.net) is
我使用访问器的优势（特别是在 c# vb.net 的形式中很容易）是
1/ the possibility to set a break point in a setter or a getter else you cannot know who and when has access to the member.
1/ 在 setter 或 getter 中设置断点的可能性，否则您无法知道谁以及何时可以访问该成员。
2/ You can control what value is set in case of need to test overflow or other bad set. This is specially needed in a public libray, like a property editor for your visual component by example.
2/ 您可以控制设置什么值，以防需要测试溢出或其他错误设置。这在公共库中是特别需要的，例如您的可视化组件的属性编辑器。
But this is not fully needed in your private internal class. Then the choice of a controlled access to a member must be set from the final public usage of your object I think.
但这在您的私人内部课程中并不完全需要。然后，我认为必须从对象的最终公共使用中设置对成员的受控访问的选择。
回答by Darrin
I know this is late, I am using VS 2015, and there is a plugin/extension available to install from Visual Studio marketplace that will give you the convenience of generating getter/setter code here: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Gabsii.getter-setter-generator
我知道这已经晚了，我正在使用 VS 2015，并且可以从 Visual Studio 市场安装一个插件/扩展，它可以让您方便地在此处生成 getter/setter 代码：https: //marketplace.visualstudio.com/ items?itemName=Gabsii.getter-setter-generator
回答by magallanes
At least in Visual Studio 2015, i can't find it. However, if you use Resharper then it could generates the setter and getter in the .h file
至少在 Visual Studio 2015 中，我找不到它。但是，如果您使用 Resharper，则它可以在 .h 文件中生成 setter 和 getter
