SQL ORA-00205: 识别控制文件时出错，请检查警报日志以获取更多信息
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25284090/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
提问by Chaitanya
I am newly installing Oracle XE database on Ubuntu by following these steps:
我正在按照以下步骤在 Ubuntu 上新安装 Oracle XE 数据库：
Downloaded latest rpm file for Oracle XE and ran below commands to install the database:
为 Oracle XE 下载最新的 rpm 文件并运行以下命令来安装数据库：
sudo apt-get install alien
alien oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
dpkg -i oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb
Then I made sure that I have permissions to /u01/ and also it is under dba group.
然后我确保我有权限 /u01/ 并且它在 dba 组下。
Now when I am trying to start the database then I am getting issues:
现在，当我尝试启动数据库时，我遇到了问题：
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Wed Aug 13 15:33:51 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> start
SP2-1506: START, @ or @@ command has no arguments
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/initXE.ora'
I see that I don't have the file initXE.oraand I have only init.oraas show here:
我看到我没有文件initXE.ora，我只有init.ora这里显示：
$ ls /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/
init.ora
Update:
更新：
I copied init.orafile and renamed it to initXE.orafile and updated the parameters in it so they point to valid directories, now when I start my database then I am getting error as:
我复制了init.ora文件并将其重命名为initXE.orafile 并更新了其中的参数，以便它们指向有效的目录，现在当我启动我的数据库时，我收到如下错误：
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size 2233344 bytes
Variable Size 616565760 bytes
Database Buffers 444596224 bytes
Redo Buffers 5541888 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
采纳答案by Yasir Arsanukaev
You are installing on an unsupported operating system and something could go wrong.
您在不受支持的操作系统上安装，可能会出现问题。
The file initSID.ora, where SIDis the instance name (XEin your case), is the initialization parameter file (pfile) which Oracle uses when instance starts to load its runtime settings specified by database administrator.
文件initSID.ora，其中SID是实例名称（XE在您的情况下），是 Oracle 在实例开始加载数据库管理员指定的运行时设置时使用的初始化参数文件 (pfile)。
For some reason the installation process was not successful, and you end up with the default pfile named init.ora.
由于某种原因，安装过程没有成功，最终得到了名为 .pfile 的默认 pfile init.ora。
On startup Oracle instance reads initialization parameters from the following files in the order of appearance
启动时 Oracle 实例按出现顺序从以下文件中读取初始化参数
spfileSID.oraspfile.orainitSID.ora
spfileSID.oraspfile.orainitSID.ora
where the first two being binary counterparts of pfiles and are called server parameter files (spfiles), because they should reside on the server side in contrast to pfiles which can be on any side.
其中前两个是 pfiles 的二进制对应文件，称为服务器参数文件 (spfiles)，因为它们应该驻留在服务器端，而 pfiles 可以位于任何一侧。
You can copy init.orato initXE.oraand set appropriate parameters just to check if your instance starts.
您可以复制init.ora到initXE.ora并设置适当的参数来检查您的实例是否启动。
However you would better try reinstalling your database checking the messages shown in the output during installation to see if something goes wrong or using supported OS.
但是，您最好尝试重新安装数据库，检查安装期间输出中显示的消息，以查看是否出现问题或使用受支持的操作系统。
