Ruby-on-rails `method_missing'：用户未定义的方法`devise'（调用'User.connection'建立连接）
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`method_missing': undefined method `devise' for User (call 'User.connection' to establish a connection)
提问by Bot
I am new to Ruby on Rails and am trying to make my first application. I am having issues though anytime I run any rails generatecommand. I get the following error
我是 Ruby on Rails 的新手，正在尝试制作我的第一个应用程序。尽管我在运行任何rails generate命令时都遇到了问题。我收到以下错误
MyUsers-MacBook-Pro:MyApp MyUser$ rails generate devise:install
Warning: Running `gem pristine --all` to regenerate your installed gemspecs (and deleting then reinstalling your bundle if you use bundle --path) will improve the startup performance of Spring.
/Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing': undefined method `devise' for User (call 'User.connection' to establish a connection):Class (NoMethodError)
from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/app/models/user.rb:4:in `<class:User>'
from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/app/models/user.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:443:in `load'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:443:in `block in load_file'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:633:in `new_constants_in'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:442:in `load_file'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:342:in `require_or_load'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:480:in `load_missing_constant'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:180:in `const_missing'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:238:in `const_get'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:238:in `block in constantize'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `each'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `inject'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `constantize'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:552:in `get'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:583:in `constantize'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:297:in `get'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:77:in `to'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:72:in `modules'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:89:in `routes'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:156:in `default_used_route'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:66:in `initialize'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:331:in `new'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:331:in `add_mapping'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:221:in `block in devise_for'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:220:in `each'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:220:in `devise_for'
from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/routes.rb:2:in `block in <top (required)>'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:337:in `instance_exec'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:337:in `eval_block'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:315:in `draw'
from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/routes.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `block in load'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `block in load_paths'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `each'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `load_paths'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:16:in `reload!'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:26:in `block in updater'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `call'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `execute'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:27:in `updater'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:7:in `execute_if_updated'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:71:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:150:in `block in tsort_each'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:183:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:219:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:182:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:180:in `each'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:180:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:148:in `tsort_each'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in `initialize!'
from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:140:in `serve'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:128:in `block in run'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `loop'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `run'
from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
from -e:1:in `<main>'
Even if I don't add the gem 'devise'into my Gemfile I still get that error. I even created a new application and get that error.
即使我不将它添加gem 'devise'到我的 Gemfile 中，我仍然会收到该错误。我什至创建了一个新应用程序并收到该错误。
I have even tried the answers at undefined method 'devise' for User
我什至在未定义的方法“设计”中为用户尝试了答案
Any idea how I can get rid of this error?
知道如何摆脱这个错误吗？
EDITI currently do not have any models
编辑我目前没有任何模型
回答by itsnikolay
This happens because you missed the command:
发生这种情况是因为您错过了命令：
rails generate devise:install
You need just comment all devise lines temporally (in routes.rb / user.rb) to not get raise.
And run command again.
你只需要临时评论所有设计行（在 routes.rb / user.rb 中）就不会被加薪。
并再次运行命令。
回答by Tom
This is the appropriate Order.
这是适当的顺序。
gem 'devise'
Run the bundle command to install it.
rails generate devise:install
rails generate devise MODEL
Here Model was created before the "rails generate devise:install".So you have to go back an comment everything that model created :
这里模型是在“rails generate devise:install”之前创建的。所以你必须回到模型创建的所有内容的评论：
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
# Include default devise modules. Others available are:
# :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable and :omniauthable
#devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
#:recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable
end
and also this
还有这个
Rails.application.routes.draw do
#devise_for :users
end
Now,Run "rails generate devise:install" and after that uncomment the above .
现在，运行“rails generate devise:install”，然后取消注释上面的 .
回答by GSP
I ran into a similar problem with an existing project freshly checked out from a repo:
我在从 repo 新签出的现有项目中遇到了类似的问题：
The specific missing files were:
具体丢失的文件是：
config/initializers/devise.rb
config/locales/devise.en.yml
In this case, because the devise.rbwas in the .gitignorelist there was a config/initializers/devise.rb.examplefile that could be copied over.
在这种情况下，因为devise.rb在.gitignore列表中有一个config/initializers/devise.rb.example可以复制的文件。
回答by Arta
Or, like me, after adding:
或者，像我一样，在添加：
gem 'devise'
to Gemfile, and running:
到 Gemfile，然后运行：
$ bundle install
you forgot to restart the serverwith CtrlCand:
您忘记使用和重新启动服务器CtrlC：
$ rails s
回答by Srikiran Sistla
This is a little weird issue which I too ran into! Try to add extend Devise::Modelsin app/models/install.rb file as explained in the below link.
这是我也遇到的一个有点奇怪的问题！尝试添加extend Devise::Modelsapp/models/install.rb 文件，如以下链接中所述。
Hope this helps! https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/issues/3877
希望这可以帮助！ https://github.com/plataformatec/devise/issues/3877
回答by Steven
rails g devise install!= rails g devise:install
rails g devise install!= rails g devise:install
I ran into this problem as well.
Executing rails generate devise install(sic!) there was nothing that seemed not to have worked. The terminal output was:
我也遇到了这个问题。执行rails generate devise install（原文如此！）似乎没有任何效果。终端输出是：
$ rails g devise install
Running via Spring preloader in process 5422
invoke active_record
create db/migrate/20180306165306_devise_create_installs.rb
create app/models/install.rb
insert app/models/install.rb
route devise_for :installs
But I missed the semicolon. Reverting these changes and then executing rails generate devise:install(note the :between deviseand install), everything worked out perfectly. Also you get a much more extensive output:
但我错过了分号。还原这些更改，然后执行rails generate devise:install（注意:之间devise和install），一切工作完美。您还可以获得更广泛的输出：
$ rails g devise:install
Running via Spring preloader in process 5218
create config/initializers/devise.rb
create config/locales/devise.en.yml
===============================================================================
Some setup you must do manually if you haven't yet:
1. Ensure you have defined default url options in your environments files. Here
is an example of default_url_options appropriate for a development environment
in config/environments/development.rb:
config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: 'localhost', port: 3000 }
In production, :host should be set to the actual host of your application.
2. Ensure you have defined root_url to *something* in your config/routes.rb.
For example:
root to: "home#index"
3. Ensure you have flash messages in app/views/layouts/application.html.erb.
For example:
<p class="notice"><%= notice %></p>
<p class="alert"><%= alert %></p>
4. You can copy Devise views (for customization) to your app by running:
rails g devise:views
===============================================================================
