问题是错误2002（HY000）：无法通过套接字'/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'（2“无此文件或者目录”）错误连接到本地MySQL服务器。
这类错误发生在大多数企业级Linux发行版中，该修复程序提供了解决该错误的方法。

问题发生在安装MariaDB之后

步骤I（安装MariaDB）

在Fedora上

# dnf install mariadb

在CentOS/RHEL/OL/SL上

# yum install mariadb mariadb-server

第二步（Runnig MySQL命令）

首先检查mysql命令以进行测试。

# mysql
 ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2 "No such file or directory")

第三步（检查Mariadb服务）

之后，检查mariadb服务

# systemctl status mariadb
 ● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.0 database server
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
 Active: inactive (dead)

如何解决这个问题？ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket

步骤I（启动Mariadb服务）

然后启动mariadb服务。

# systemctl start mariadb

第二步（自动启用服务）

最终，服务自动启动。
在系统系统和服务管理器打开时添加服务。

# systemctl enable mariadb
 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

步骤III（验证服务是否已启动）

# systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.0 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2014-08-19 21:46:13 IST; 8s ago
Process: 18042 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 17903 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 17710 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 17680 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 17901 (mysqld_safe)
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
├─17901 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
└─18012 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/m...
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: http://dev.mysql.com
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from MariaDB
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: Corporation Ab. You can contact us about this at [email protected].
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysql-prepare-db-dir[17710]: http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[17901]: 150819 21:46:12 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
Aug 19 21:46:12 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[17901]: 150819 21:46:12 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
Aug 19 21:46:13 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MariaDB 10.0 database server.

我们已修复了CentOS和RHEL上无法通过套接字错误连接到本地MySQL服务器的问题。