将 Typescript 全局变量声明为“模块”类型
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Declare Typescript global variable as "module" type
提问by David Faivre
I have the React type definition file (that is declared using an external module). In my source files, I usually do:
我有 React 类型定义文件（使用外部模块声明）。在我的源文件中，我通常这样做：
import * as R from "react"
and can then happily use R.createElement(...etc in a strongly typed fashion.
然后可以愉快地R.createElement(...以强类型方式使用etc。
What I want is to not have to import Rin every file, and instead have it as a global declaration (yes, I'm willing to polute the global namespace with a few variables). I've tried:
我想要的是不必R在每个文件中都导入，而是将其作为全局声明（是的，我愿意用一些变量污染全局命名空间）。我试过了：
import * as React from "react";
declare var R : React;
This doesn't work though, I get "Cannot find name 'React'". Is there another way to export the entire module as global?
但这不起作用，我明白了"Cannot find name 'React'"。还有另一种方法可以将整个模块导出为全局吗？
Edit 1-
I should have made clearer: I'm interested in how to export a global type definitionin a .d.tsfile. So assume I've attached Rto windowalready. Now I need typescript to know that Ris of type React module.
编辑 1- 我应该更清楚：我对如何在文件中导出全局类型定义感兴趣.d.ts。因此，假设我已经把它贴R到window了。现在我需要打字稿才能知道它R的类型React module。
采纳答案by basarat
instead have it as a global
而是将其作为全局
There are two sides to this: global type declarationfor typescript and global variable availabilityfor JavaScript consumption.
这有两个方面：global type declaration用于打字稿和global variable availability用于 JavaScript 消费。
Global Type Declaration
全局类型声明
A .d.tsor a declaration only contributes to the globalname declaration space if there is no root level importor exportin the file. So have a file globalreact.d.tswhich will be an editedversion of https://github.com/borisyankov/DefinitelyTyped/blob/master/react/react.d.tsof the form declare module R(instead of declare module "react").
如果文件中没有根级导入或导出，则a.d.ts或 a 声明仅对全局名称声明空间有贡献。所以有一个文件，它将是表单的https://github.com/borisyankov/DefinitelyTyped/blob/master/react/react.d.ts的编辑版本（而不是）。globalreact.d.tsdeclare module Rdeclare module "react"
Global Variable Export
全局变量导出
You need to put it on windowin case of the browser. So do the following in a file makeReactGlobal.ts:
你需要把它放在window浏览器的情况下。所以在文件中执行以下操作makeReactGlobal.ts：
var R = require('react');
(<any>window).R = R
And then in your application mainhave this file a dependency to ensure that it executes before any of your other code.
然后在您的应用程序中main有一个依赖项，以确保它在您的任何其他代码之前执行。
回答by David Faivre
Like @basarat said, it doesn't look like it's possible. @ahejlsberg himself weighed in on the issue on github: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/3180#issuecomment-102523512.
就像@basarat 所说的，这看起来不可能。@ahejlsberg 本人在 github 上对这个问题进行了权衡：https: //github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/3180#issuecomment-102523512。
回答by Remo H. Jansen
The declarekeyword does not declare a variable in the global scope. This keyword is used for cases in which there will be a variable in the global scope and you want to use it in a TypeScript without getting compilation errors.
该declare关键字未在全局范围内声明变量。此关键字用于在全局范围内有一个变量并且您希望在 TypeScript 中使用它而不会出现编译错误的情况。
You can declare a global variable with:
您可以使用以下命令声明全局变量：
import * as R from "react";
window.R = R;
