如何从python代码调用shell脚本？
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How to call a shell script from python code?
提问by Umesh K
How to call a shell script from python code?
如何从python代码调用shell脚本？
采纳答案by Manoj Govindan
The subprocessmodule will help you out.
该子模块将帮助你。
Blatantly trivial example:
公然琐碎的例子：
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call(['./test.sh']) # Thanks @Jim Dennis for suggesting the []
0
>>>
Where test.shis a simple shell script and 0is its return value for this run.
哪里test.sh是一个简单的 shell 脚本，0它是这次运行的返回值。
回答by Micha? Niklas
There are some ways using os.popen()(deprecated) or the whole subprocessmodule, but this approach
有一些方法可以使用os.popen()（已弃用）或整个subprocess模块，但是这种方法
import os
os.system(command)
is one of the easiest.
是最简单的之一。
回答by hugo24
Use the subprocess module as mentioned above.
使用上面提到的子流程模块。
I use it like this:
我像这样使用它：
subprocess.call(["notepad"])
回答by Akseli Palén
Subprocess is good but some people may like scriptinebetter. Scriptine has more high-level set of methods like shell.call(args), path.rename(new_name)and path.move(src,dst). Scriptine is based on subprocessand others.
Subprocess 很好，但有些人可能更喜欢scriptine。Scriptine 有更高级的方法集，如shell.call(args)、path.rename(new_name)和path.move(src,dst)。Scriptine 基于子进程和其他进程。
Two drawbacks of scriptine:
脚本的两个缺点：
- Current documentation level would be more comprehensive even though it is sufficient.
- Unlike subprocess, scriptine package is currently not installed by default.
- 当前的文档级别会更全面，即使它已经足够了。
- 与 subprocess 不同，scriptine 包当前默认未安装。
回答by Manas
Please Try the following codes :
请尝试以下代码：
Import Execute
Execute("zbx_control.sh")
回答by Franck Dernoncourt
In case you want to pass some parameters to your shell script, you can use the method shlex.split():
如果您想将一些参数传递给您的 shell 脚本，您可以使用shlex.split()方法：
import subprocess
import shlex
subprocess.call(shlex.split('./test.sh param1 param2'))
with test.shin the same folder:
与test.sh在同一文件夹：
#!/bin/sh
echo
echo
exit 0
Outputs:
输出：
$ python test.py
param1
param2
回答by Srayan Guhathakurta
import os
import sys
Assuming test.sh is the shell script that you would want to execute
假设 test.sh 是您想要执行的 shell 脚本
os.system("sh test.sh")
回答by Ankit Singh
Subprocess module is a good module to launch subprocesses. You can use it to call shell commands as this:
子流程模块是启动子流程的好模块。您可以使用它来调用 shell 命令，如下所示：
subprocess.call(["ls","-l"]);
#basic syntax
#subprocess.call(args, *)
You can see its documentation here.
If you have your script written in some .sh file or a long string, then you can use os.system module. It is fairly simple and easy to call:
如果您的脚本是用一些 .sh 文件或长字符串编写的，那么您可以使用 os.system 模块。它相当简单且易于调用：
import os
os.system("your command here")
# or
os.system('sh file.sh')
This command will run the script once, to completion, and block until it exits.
此命令将运行脚本一次，直到完成，并阻塞直到它退出。
回答by lauralacarra
I'm running python 3.5 and subprocess.call(['./test.sh']) doesn't work for me.
我正在运行 python 3.5 并且 subprocess.call(['./test.sh']) 对我不起作用。
I give you three solutions depends on what you wanna do with the output.
我给你三个解决方案取决于你想用输出做什么。
1 - call script. You will see output in your terminal. output is a number.
1 - 调用脚本。您将在终端中看到输出。输出是一个数字。
import subprocess
output = subprocess.call(['test.sh'])
2 - call and dump execution and error into string. You don't see execution in your terminal unless you print(stdout). Shell=True as argument in Popen doesn't work for me.
2 - 调用并将执行和错误转储到字符串中。除非您打印（标准输出），否则您不会在终端中看到执行。Shell=True 作为 Popen 中的参数对我不起作用。
import subprocess
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
session = subprocess.Popen(['test.sh'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
stdout, stderr = session.communicate()
if stderr:
raise Exception("Error "+str(stderr))
3 - call script and dump the echo commands of temp.txt in temp_file
3 - 调用脚本并将 temp.txt 的 echo 命令转储到 temp_file 中
import subprocess
temp_file = open("temp.txt",'w')
subprocess.call([executable], stdout=temp_file)
with open("temp.txt",'r') as file:
output = file.read()
print(output)
Don't forget to take a look at the doc subprocess
不要忘记查看doc 子流程
回答by Rishi Bansal
In case the script is having multiple arguments
如果脚本有多个参数
#!/usr/bin/python
import subprocess
output = subprocess.call(["./test.sh","xyz","1234"])
print output
Output will give the status code. If script runs successfully it will give 0 otherwise non-zero integer.
输出将给出状态代码。如果脚本成功运行，它将给出 0 否则为非零整数。
podname=xyz serial=1234
0
Below is the test.sh shell script.
下面是 test.sh shell 脚本。
#!/bin/bash
podname=
serial=
echo "podname=$podname serial=$serial"
