Ruby-on-rails ActiveRecord OR 查询哈希表示法

ActiveRecord OR query Hash notation

提问by Neil

I know there are 3 main notations for supplying arguments to the whereActiveRecord method:

我知道为whereActiveRecord 方法提供参数有 3 个主要符号：

1. Pure String
2. Array
3. Hash

1. 纯弦
2. 大批
3. 哈希

Specifying andfor the wheremethod is straight forward:

指定and的where方法是直截了当：

# Pure String notation
Person.where("name = 'Neil' AND age = 27")

# Array notation
Person.where(["name = ? AND age = ?", 'Neil', 27])

# Hash notation
Person.where({name: "Neil", age: 27})

Specifying orfor this same wheremethod is stumping me for the hash syntax. Is it possible?

指定or相同的where方法让我难以理解哈希语法。是否可以？

# Pure String notation
Person.where("name = 'Neil' OR age = 27")

# Array notation
Person.where(["name = ? OR age = ?", 'Neil', 27])

# Hash notation DOESN'T WORK
Person.where({name: "Neil" OR age: 27})

回答by potashin

There are 5 options that could be considered as implementations of ?Hash notation? (the last two are kinda hash-ish):

有 5 个选项可以被视为 ?Hash 符号的实现？（最后两个还挺散列ISH）：

1. With Ruby on Rails 5 you are able to do the following chaining using ActiveRecord::Relation#ormethod:

   Person.where(name: 'Neil').or(Person.where(age: 27))
   

2. Use where_valuestogether with reduce. The unscopedmethod is necessary only for Rails 4.1+to ensure default_scopeis not included in the where_values. Otherwise predicates from both default_scopeand wherewould be chained with the oroperator:

   Person.where( 
     Person.unscoped.where(name: ['Neil'], age: [27]).where_values.reduce(:or) 
   )
   

3. Install third-party plugins that implement these or similar features, for example:

   • Where Or(backport of the Ruby on Rails 5 .orfeature mentioned above)

   • Squeel

     Person.where{(name == 'Neil') | (age == 27)} 
     

   • RailsOr

     Person.where(name: 'Neil').or(age: 27)
     

   • ActiverecordAnyOf

     Person.where.anyof(name: 'Neil', age: 27)
     

   • SmartTuple

     Person.where(
       (SmartTuple.new(' or ') << {name: 'Neil', age: 27}).compile
     )
     

4. Use Arel:

   Person.where( 
     Person.arel_table[:name].eq('Neil').or(
       Person.arel_table[:age].eq(27)
     ) 
   )
   

5. Use prepared statements with named parameters:

   Person.where('name = :name or age = :age', name: 'Neil', age: 27)
   

1. 使用 Ruby on Rails 5，您可以使用ActiveRecord::Relation#or方法执行以下链接：

   Person.where(name: 'Neil').or(Person.where(age: 27))
   

2. 使用where_values一起reduce。该unscoped方法仅对于 Rails 4.1+是必需的，以确保default_scope不包含在where_values. 否则来自两者default_scope和的谓词where将与or运算符链接：

   Person.where( 
     Person.unscoped.where(name: ['Neil'], age: [27]).where_values.reduce(:or) 
   )
   

3. 安装实现这些或类似功能的第三方插件，例如：

   • Where Or （上述 Ruby on Rails 5.or功能的反向移植）

   • 尖叫声

     Person.where{(name == 'Neil') | (age == 27)} 
     

   • 铁轨或

     Person.where(name: 'Neil').or(age: 27)
     

   • ActiveRecordAnyOf

     Person.where.anyof(name: 'Neil', age: 27)
     

   • 智能元组

     Person.where(
       (SmartTuple.new(' or ') << {name: 'Neil', age: 27}).compile
     )
     

4. 使用阿雷尔：

   Person.where( 
     Person.arel_table[:name].eq('Neil').or(
       Person.arel_table[:age].eq(27)
     ) 
   )
   

5. 使用带有命名参数的准备好的语句：

   Person.where('name = :name or age = :age', name: 'Neil', age: 27)
   

回答by Antonio Grass

As says potashin, you can use another third-party plugins that implement this feature. I have a long time using Squeeland works pretty well for this and much more features like complex subqueries or joins.

正如potashin所说，您可以使用另一个实现此功能的第三方插件。我有很长时间使用Squeel并且在这方面工作得很好，还有更多的功能，比如复杂的子查询或连接。

That query using squeel:

使用 squeel 的查询：

@people= Person.where{(name == 'Neil') | (age = 27)}