xml 带有后代和后代 text() 谓词的 XPath 查询
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XPath query with descendant and descendant text() predicates
提问by juan234
I would like to construct an XPath query that will return a "div" or "table" element, so long as it has a descendant containing the text "abc". The one caveat is that it can not have any div or table descendants.
我想构造一个 XPath 查询，它将返回一个“div”或“table”元素，只要它有一个包含文本“abc”的后代。一个警告是它不能有任何 div 或 table 后代。
<div>
<table>
<form>
<div>
<span>
<p>abcdefg</p>
</span>
</div>
<table>
<span>
<p>123456</p>
</span>
</table>
</form>
</table>
</div>
So the only correct result of this query would be:
所以这个查询的唯一正确结果是：
/div/table/form/div
My best attempt looks something like this:
我最好的尝试是这样的：
//div[contains(//text(), "abc") and not(descendant::div or descendant::table)] | //table[contains(//text(), "abc") and not(descendant::div or descendant::table)]
but does not return the correct result.
但不会返回正确的结果。
Thanks for your help.
谢谢你的帮助。
回答by Dimitre Novatchev
Something different: :)
不一样的东西: :)
//text()[contains(.,'abc')]/ancestor::*[self::div or self::table][1]
Seems a lot shorter than the other solutions, doesn't it? :)
似乎比其他解决方案短很多，不是吗？:)
Translated to simple English: For any text node in the document that contains the string "abc"select its first ancestor that is either a divor a table.
翻译成简单的英语：对于文档中包含字符串的任何文本节点，"abc"选择其第一个祖先，即 adiv或 a table。
This is more efficient, as only one full scan of the document tree (and not any other) is required, and the ancestor::*traversal is very cheap compared to a descendent::(tree) scan.
这更有效，因为只需要对文档树（而不是其他任何）进行一次完整扫描，并且ancestor::*与descendent::（树）扫描相比，遍历非常便宜。
To verify that this solution "really works":
要验证此解决方案“确实有效”：
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output omit-xml-declaration="yes" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>
<xsl:template match="/">
<xsl:copy-of select=
"//text()[contains(.,'abc')]/ancestor::*[self::div or self::table][1] "/>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
when this transformation is performed on the provided XML document:
当对提供的 XML 文档执行此转换时：
<div>
<table>
<form>
<div>
<span>
<p>abcdefg</p>
</span>
</div>
<table>
<span>
<p>123456</p>
</span>
</table>
</form>
</table>
</div>
the wanted, correct result is produced:
产生了想要的、正确的结果：
<div>
<span>
<p>abcdefg</p>
</span>
</div>
Note: It isn't necessary to use XSLT -- any XPath 1.0 host -- such as DOM, must obtain the same result.
注意：没有必要使用 XSLT——任何 XPath 1.0 主机——例如 DOM，都必须获得相同的结果。
回答by juan234
//*[self::div|self::table]
[descendant::text()[contains(.,"abc")]]
[not(descendant::div|descendant::table)]
The problem with contains(//text(), "abc")is that functions cast node sets taking the first node.
问题contains(//text(), "abc")在于函数转换节点集采用第一个节点。
回答by Dennis Münkle
you could try:
你可以试试：
//div[
descendant::text()[contains(., "abc")]
and not(descendant::div or descendant::table)
] |
//table[
descendant::text()[contains(., "abc")]
and not(descendant::div or descendant::table)
]
does that help?
这有帮助吗？
