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如何使此代码与jQuery / Ajax一起提交UTF-8表单文本区域？

时间：2020-03-05 18:43:44 　来源:igfitidea点击:

我在使用Ajax提交包含UTF-8字符串的表单时遇到问题。我正在开发在Tomcat服务器中运行的Struts Web应用程序。这是我为使用UTF-8而设置的环境：

  • 我已经将属性URIEncoding =" UTF-8" useBodyEncodingForURI =" true"添加到Tomcat的conf / server.xml文件的Connector标签中。
  • 我有一个utf-8_general_ci数据库
  • 我正在使用下一个过滤器，以确保我的请求和响应均以UTF-8编码
package filters;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.*;

public class UTF8Filter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {}

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
        throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
}
  • 我在WEB-INF / web.xml中使用此过滤器
  • 我将下一个代码用于JSON响应：
public static void populateWithJSON(HttpServletResponse response,JSONObject json)
{
   String CONTENT_TYPE="text/x-json;charset=UTF-8";
   response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
   response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
   try {
        response.getWriter().write(json.toString());
   } catch (IOException e) {
    throw new ApplicationException("Application Exception raised in RetrievedStories", e);
   }
}

一切似乎工作正常(来自数据库的内容已正确显示，并且我能够提交存储在数据库中UTF-8的表单)。问题是我无法使用Ajax提交表单。我使用jQuery，我认为问题是Ajax请求中缺少contentType字段。但是我错了。我有一个非常简单的表单来提交包含ID和正文的评论。正文字段可以使用不同的语言，例如西班牙语，德语或者其他任何语言。

如果我提交的表单的正文区域包含" contrase？a"，Firebug会显示以下内容：

Request Headers
  
  
  Host  localhost:8080
  Accept-Charset ISO-8859-1, utf-8;q=0.7;*q=0.7
  Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset UTF-8

如果我在Firebug中使用参数执行"复制位置"，则编码似乎已经错误：

http://localhost:8080/Cerepedia/corporate/postStoryComment.do?&body=contrase%C3%B1a&id=88

这是我的jQuery代码：

function addComment() {
    var comment_body = $("#postCommentForm textarea").val();
    var item_id = $("#postCommentForm input:hidden").val();
    var url = rooturl+"corporate/postStoryComment.do?";
    $.post(url, { id:  item_id, body: comment_body } ,
        function(data){
        /* Do stuff with the answer */
    }, "json");  }

使用jQuery提交表单会导致下一错误服务器端(请注意，我正在使用Hibernate)。

javax.servlet.ServletException: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processException(RequestProcessor.java:520)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:427)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:228)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1913)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:710)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.security.AuthorizationFilter.doFilter(AuthorizationFilter.java:78)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.hibernate.HibernateSessionRequestFilter.doFilter(HibernateSessionRequestFilter.java:30)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at filters.UTF8Filter.doFilter(UTF8Filter.java:14)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
    at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.handledNonSpecificException(SQLStateConverter.java:103)
    at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:91)
    at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:43)
    at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:249)
    at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:235)
    at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:139)
    at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)
    at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)
    at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.item.dao.ItemDAOHibernate.addComment(ItemDAOHibernate.java:505)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.item.ItemManagerPOJOImpl.addComment(ItemManagerPOJOImpl.java:164)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.struts.item.ItemAction.addComment(ItemAction.java:126)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.dispatchMethod(DispatchAction.java:269)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.execute(DispatchAction.java:170)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.MappingDispatchAction.execute(MappingDispatchAction.java:166)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:425)
    ... 26 more
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Incorrect string value: '\xF1a' for column 'body' at row 1
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ServerPreparedStatement.executeBatch(ServerPreparedStatement.java:657)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.NewProxyPreparedStatement.executeBatch(NewProxyPreparedStatement.java:1723)
    at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
    at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:242)
    ... 44 more
26-ago-2008 19:54:48 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
GRAVE: Servlet.service() para servlet action lanzó excepción
java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Incorrect string value: '\xF1a' for column 'body' at row 1
    at com.mysql.jdbc.ServerPreparedStatement.executeBatch(ServerPreparedStatement.java:657)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.NewProxyPreparedStatement.executeBatch(NewProxyPreparedStatement.java:1723)
    at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
    at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:242)
    at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:235)
    at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:139)
    at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)
    at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)
    at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.item.dao.ItemDAOHibernate.addComment(ItemDAOHibernate.java:505)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.item.ItemManagerPOJOImpl.addComment(ItemManagerPOJOImpl.java:164)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.struts.item.ItemAction.addComment(ItemAction.java:126)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.dispatchMethod(DispatchAction.java:269)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.execute(DispatchAction.java:170)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.MappingDispatchAction.execute(MappingDispatchAction.java:166)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:425)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:228)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1913)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:710)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.security.AuthorizationFilter.doFilter(AuthorizationFilter.java:78)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.hibernate.HibernateSessionRequestFilter.doFilter(HibernateSessionRequestFilter.java:30)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at filters.UTF8Filter.doFilter(UTF8Filter.java:14)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.NumberFormatException: null
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processException(RequestProcessor.java:520)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:427)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:228)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1913)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doGet(ActionServlet.java:449)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:690)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.security.AuthorizationFilter.doFilter(AuthorizationFilter.java:78)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.hibernate.HibernateSessionRequestFilter.doFilter(HibernateSessionRequestFilter.java:30)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at filters.UTF8Filter.doFilter(UTF8Filter.java:14)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NumberFormatException: null
    at java.lang.Long.parseLong(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Long.valueOf(Unknown Source)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.struts.item.ItemAction.addComment(ItemAction.java:120)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.dispatchMethod(DispatchAction.java:269)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.execute(DispatchAction.java:170)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.MappingDispatchAction.execute(MappingDispatchAction.java:166)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:425)
    ... 26 more
26-ago-2008 20:13:25 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
GRAVE: Servlet.service() para servlet action lanzó excepción
java.lang.NumberFormatException: null
    at java.lang.Long.parseLong(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Long.valueOf(Unknown Source)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.struts.item.ItemAction.addComment(ItemAction.java:120)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.dispatchMethod(DispatchAction.java:269)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction.execute(DispatchAction.java:170)
    at org.apache.struts.actions.MappingDispatchAction.execute(MappingDispatchAction.java:166)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(RequestProcessor.java:425)
    at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:228)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1913)
    at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doGet(ActionServlet.java:449)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:690)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.security.AuthorizationFilter.doFilter(AuthorizationFilter.java:78)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.cerebra.cerepedia.hibernate.HibernateSessionRequestFilter.doFilter(HibernateSessionRequestFilter.java:30)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at filters.UTF8Filter.doFilter(UTF8Filter.java:14)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

解决方案

回答

我们是否尝试在通话之前添加以下内容：

$.ajaxSetup({ 
    scriptCharset: "utf-8" , 
    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8"
});

这里说明了这些选项。

contentType：将数据发送到服务器时，请使用此内容类型。默认值为" application / x-www-form-urlencoded"，在大多数情况下都可以。

scriptCharset：仅适用于具有'jsonp'或者'script'dataType和GET类型的请求。强制将请求解释为某个字符集。仅需要用于远程和本地内容之间的字符集差异。

回答

我有同样的问题，并通过降级到mysql-connector-odbc-3.51.16来解决。

回答

我也遇到了同样的问题，我以这种方式解决了它：

在PHP中，在将数据存储到数据库中之前，我使用了htmlentities()函数。在显示数据期间，我使用了html_entity_decode()函数。这行得通。我强烈希望这对我们也有用。

回答

我有同样的问题。我看到InternetExplorer8发送此标头：

content-type = application/x-www-form-urlencoded

Firefox发送此消息时：

content-type = application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8

我的解决方案只是强制jQuery使用Firefox内容类型：

$.ajaxSetup({ scriptCharset: "utf-8" ,contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8" });

回答

我经常看到这个问题。
元数据并不总是在PHP数据操作中起作用，因此只需在开头输入以下内容即可：

<?php header('Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8');  ?>

回答

由于是jdbc错误，因此最好的方法是在将输入发送到数据库之前捕获输入。

java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Incorrect string value: '\xF1a' for column 'body' at row 1

单个字符引起异常。

在某些情况下，我们可能需要手动覆盖某些字符。当我们使用非拉丁字母语言(就像我一样)时，我们会发现这是一种常见的痛苦。

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