node.js 获取 npm：找不到命令。已安装 Node 后如何重新安装 NPM？NPM 去哪儿了？
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Getting npm: command not found. How do I reinstall NPM when Node is already installed? Where did NPM go?
提问by Rotimi
I'm starting Learn to Build Modern Web Apps with the AngularJS Tutorialand running into issues very early.
我开始学习使用 AngularJS 教程构建现代 Web 应用程序，并很早就遇到了问题。
I have node installed:
我安装了节点：
/path/ang-news node -v
v0.10.26
I was using NPM earlier but was running into trouble with Yeoman. I've repeated these steps a while back but Grunt stopped working so I started fresh.
我之前使用过 NPM，但在使用 Yeoman 时遇到了麻烦。我已经重复了这些步骤，但 Grunt 停止工作，所以我重新开始。
I ran:
我跑了：
$ sudo npm install -g generator-angular
and all the dependencies were installing until I received:
并且所有依赖项都在安装，直到我收到：
npm WARN package.json [email protected] No repository field.
npm ERR! peerinvalid The package generator-karma does not satisfy its siblings' peerDependencies requirements!
npm ERR! peerinvalid Peer [email protected] wants generator-karma@>=0.8.2
I then tried updating:
然后我尝试更新：
$ npm update -g
I should have run this as an administrator. I received tons of error messages, this seemed most pertinent:
我应该以管理员身份运行它。我收到了大量错误消息，这似乎最相关：
npm ERR! Please try running this command again as root/Administrator.
npm ERR! System Darwin 13.1.0
npm ERR! command "/usr/local/bin/node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "update" "-g"
npm ERR! cwd /path/ang-news
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.26
npm ERR! npm -v 1.4.3
npm ERR! not ok code 0
Then I tried uninstalling generator-karma and starting fresh:
然后我尝试卸载 generator-karma 并重新开始：
$ sudo npm uninstall -g generator-karma
but received:
但收到：
sudo: npm: command not found
$ npm -v
-bash: /usr/local/bin/npm: No such file or directory
My first question is: Why did NPM suddenly disappear?
我的第一个问题是：为什么 NPM 突然消失了？
[EDIT: Kudos to @try-catch-finally to pointing out the havoc that ensues when switching between normal user and sudo when issuing commands. It turns out that I messed up my user environment and NPM was no longer installed.]
[编辑：感谢@try-catch-finally 指出在发出命令时在普通用户和 sudo 之间切换时会发生的破坏。原来是我把我的用户环境搞乱了，NPM也没有安装了。]
My understanding is that NPM is installed when you install Node, so my second question is: How do I reinstall just NPM?I'd prefer not to have to reinstall Node from the beginning.
我的理解是安装Node的时候就安装了NPM，所以我的第二个问题是：如何只重新安装NPM？我不想从一开始就重新安装 Node。
[EDIT: Kudos to @hawk and @try-catch-finally - it doesn't appear that installing NPM alone is an option, but there are easy ways to reinstall both.]
[编辑：感谢@hawk 和@try-catch-finally - 单独安装 NPM 似乎不是一种选择，但有一些简单的方法可以重新安装两者。]
回答by Sam Mikes
- If you have a working node, you can re-install npm
- 如果你有一个工作节点，你可以重新安装 npm
curl -L https://npmjs.org/install.sh | sudo sh
curl -L https://npmjs.org/install.sh | sudo sh
Unfortunately
npm update -gdoes not do what anybody expects. Fixing this is on the npm roadmap, but it's going to take a while.You almost never need to install a package globally, unless (like
generator-angularorgrunt-cli) you want to use that package as a command.
不幸的
npm update -g是没有做任何人所期望的。解决这个问题是在 npm 路线图上，但这需要一段时间。您几乎不需要全局安装包，除非（如
generator-angular或grunt-cli）您想将该包用作命令。
回答by alphapilgrim
Just in case you've done this with brew, I recommend this article on github. Will save you a lot of time.
以防万一你用 brew 完成了这个，我推荐 github 上的这篇文章。会为你节省很多时间。
Fixing npm On Mac OS X for Homebrew Users Run the following commands to remove all existing global npm modules, uninstall node & npm, re-install node with the right defaults, install npm as its own pacakge, and configure the location for global npm modules to be installed.
在 Mac OS X 上为 Homebrew 用户修复 npm 运行以下命令以删除所有现有的全局 npm 模块，卸载节点和 npm，使用正确的默认值重新安装节点，将 npm 安装为自己的包，并配置全局 npm 模块的位置要安装。
rm -rf /usr/local/lib/node_modules
brew uninstall node
brew install node --without-npm
echo prefix=~/.node >> ~/.npmrc
curl -L https://www.npmjs.com/install.sh | sh
Node and npm should be correctly installed at this point. The final step is to add ~/.node/bin to your PATH so commands you install globally are usable. I added this line to my ~/.path script, which gets run via ~/.bash_profile. Run the following line as is.
此时应正确安装 Node 和 npm。最后一步是将 ~/.node/bin 添加到您的 PATH 中，以便您全局安装的命令可用。我将此行添加到我的 ~/.path 脚本中，该脚本通过 ~/.bash_profile 运行。按原样运行以下行。
export PATH="$HOME/.node/bin:$PATH"
回答by Zhi Yuan
I met the exactly same problem after execute command to install the npm with latest version on redhat 7.1:
在执行命令以在redhat 7.1上安装最新版本的 npm 后，我遇到了完全相同的问题：
npm install npm@latest -g
after some tries i found the solution:
经过一些尝试，我找到了解决方案：
yum reinstall npm
I hope this could help redhat/centos users.
我希望这可以帮助 redhat/centos 用户。
