oracle 如何找到主机字符串？
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How to find host string?
提问by ankitaP
I have just installed Oracle - DevSuitehome2, Oracle Database 10g Express Edition and Oracle Developer Suit - DevSuiteHome2. I am new to this Oracle forms, Oracle Reports, etc. During installation, it asked for the password. I entered it. It was written that use your password in SYS and SYSTEM Database accounts. After installation was completed I started SQL *Plus. I entered SYSTEM as username and my password.
我刚刚安装了 Oracle - DevSuitehome2、Oracle Database 10g Express Edition 和 Oracle Developer Suit - DevSuiteHome2。我是这个 Oracle 表单、Oracle Reports 等的新手。在安装过程中，它要求输入密码。我输入了它。写在 SYS 和 SYSTEM 数据库帐户中使用您的密码。安装完成后，我启动了 SQL *Plus。我输入 SYSTEM 作为用户名和密码。
ERROR:
ORA-12154 :TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
I also tried SYS as my username but still same error. I opened cmd and typed:
我也试过 SYS 作为我的用户名，但仍然是同样的错误。我打开cmd并输入：
C:\>sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysdba
connected.
SQL> desc dba_users
NAME NULL? TYPE
------ ------ --------
USERNAME VARCHAR2(30)
USERID NUMBER
PASSWORD VARCHAR2(30)
.
.
SQL>select username,password from user_dba;
USERNAME PASSWORD
----------- -------------
SYS XXXXXXXXXX
SYSTEM XXXXXXXXXX
SCOTT XXXXXXXXXX
HR XXXXXXXXXX
.
.
All passwords were written in complex form so to simplify it I thought to change any one of the password. So, I wrote :
所有密码都以复杂的形式编写，为了简化它，我想更改任何一个密码。所以，我写道：
SQL> alter user HR identified by password;
user altered.
Then I tried to use these while opening SQL *Plus. It did not work. I don't know what's the host string now. Can I get the complete information about users, passwords and host string ? I tried to search for tnsnames.ora file too but could not find out. All files, folders are all mess.
然后我尝试在打开 SQL *Plus 时使用这些。这没用。我现在不知道主机字符串是什么。我可以获得有关用户、密码和主机字符串的完整信息吗？我也尝试搜索 tnsnames.ora 文件，但找不到。所有的文件，文件夹都是乱七八糟的。
回答by the_slk
Usernames and passwords:
用户名和密码：
SELECT USERNAME, PASSWORD
FROM DBA_USERS;
Passwords are always encrypted so you will not get much out of it
密码总是加密的，所以你不会从中得到太多
host name:
主机名：
SELECT sys_context('USERENV', 'HOST') FROM DUAL;
sys_context works great for many, many things:
sys_context 适用于很多很多事情：
http://psoug.org/reference/sys_context.html
http://psoug.org/reference/sys_context.html
If you have access to the command line you can use listener status to get some more information.
如果您有权访问命令行，则可以使用侦听器状态来获取更多信息。
LSNRCTL> STATUS
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=net)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.0.0 -
Beta
Start Date 15-JAN-2008 12:02:00
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 5 min. 29 sec
Trace Level support
Security OFF
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /oracle/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /oracle/network/log/listener.log
Listener Trace File /oracle/network/trace/listener.trc
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=net)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=2484)))
Services Summary...
Service "sales1.us.example.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "sales", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "sales2.us.example.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "sales", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
Source: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/network.112/e10835/lsnrctl.htm#CIHGHCGJ(Oracle Database Net Services Reference)
来源：http: //docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/network.112/e10835/lsnrctl.htm#CIHGHCGJ（Oracle 数据库网络服务参考）
