Python 如何使用 boto3 在 EC2 中通过 SSH 和运行命令？
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How to SSH and run commands in EC2 using boto3?
提问by Dawny33
采纳答案by Venkatesh
You can use the following code snippet to ssh to an EC2 instance and run some command from boto3.
您可以使用以下代码片段通过 ssh 连接到 EC2 实例并从 boto3 运行一些命令。
import boto3
import botocore
import paramiko
key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(path/to/mykey.pem)
client = paramiko.SSHClient()
client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# Connect/ssh to an instance
try:
# Here 'ubuntu' is user name and 'instance_ip' is public IP of EC2
client.connect(hostname=instance_ip, username="ubuntu", pkey=key)
# Execute a command(cmd) after connecting/ssh to an instance
stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command(cmd)
print stdout.read()
# close the client connection once the job is done
client.close()
break
except Exception, e:
print e
回答by thclark
This thread is a bit old, but since I've spent a frustrating afternoon discovering a simple solution, I might as well share it.
这个线程有点旧，但是由于我花了一个令人沮丧的下午发现了一个简单的解决方案，所以我不妨分享一下。
NB This is not a strictanswer to the OP's question, as it doesn't use ssh. But, one point of boto3 is that you don't have to - so I think in most circumstances this would be the preferred way of achieving the OP's goal, as s/he can use his/her existing boto3 configuration trivially.
注意这不是对 OP 问题的严格回答，因为它不使用 ssh。但是，boto3 的一点是你不必 - 所以我认为在大多数情况下，这将是实现 OP 目标的首选方式，因为他/她可以轻松地使用他/她现有的 boto3 配置。
AWS' Run Command is built into botocore (so this should apply to both boto and boto3, as far as I know) but disclaimer: I've only tested this with boto3.
AWS 的 Run Command 内置在 botocore 中（因此，据我所知，这应该适用于 boto 和 boto3），但免责声明：我只用 boto3 对此进行了测试。
def execute_commands_on_linux_instances(client, commands, instance_ids):
"""Runs commands on remote linux instances
:param client: a boto/boto3 ssm client
:param commands: a list of strings, each one a command to execute on the instances
:param instance_ids: a list of instance_id strings, of the instances on which to execute the command
:return: the response from the send_command function (check the boto3 docs for ssm client.send_command() )
"""
resp = client.send_command(
DocumentName="AWS-RunShellScript", # One of AWS' preconfigured documents
Parameters={'commands': commands},
InstanceIds=instance_ids,
)
return resp
# Example use:
ssm_client = boto3.client('ssm') # Need your credentials here
commands = ['echo "hello world"']
instance_ids = ['an_instance_id_string']
execute_commands_on_linux_instances(ssm_client, commands, instance_ids)
For windows instance powershell commands you'd use an alternative option:
对于 Windows 实例 powershell 命令，您可以使用替代选项：
DocumentName="AWS-RunPowerShellScript",
回答by Lakshya Srivastava
Here is how I have done
这是我的做法
import boto3
import botocore
import boto
import paramiko
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
instances = ec2.instances.filter(
Filters=[{'Name': 'instance-state-name', 'Values': ['running']}])
i = 0
for instance in instances:
print(instance.id, instance.instance_type)
i+= 1
x = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
try:
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
privkey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('address to .pem key')
ssh.connect(instance.public_dns_name,username='ec2-user',pkey=privkey)
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('python input_x.py')
stdin.flush()
data = stdout.read().splitlines()
for line in data:
x = line.decode()
#print(line.decode())
print(x,i)
ssh.close()
For the credentails, I have added AWSCLI package, then in the terminal run
对于凭证，我添加了 AWSCLI 包，然后在终端运行
aws configure
enter the credentials. All of them will be saved in .aws folder, u can change the path too.
输入凭据。所有这些都将保存在 .aws 文件夹中，您也可以更改路径。
回答by Carles Mitjans
回答by garnaat
Boto provided a way to SSH into EC2 instances programmatically using Paramiko and then run commands. Boto3 does not include this functionality. You could probably modify the boto code to work with boto3 without a huge amount of effort. Or you could look into using something like fabric or ansible which provide a much more powerful way to remotely execute commands on EC2 instances.
Boto 提供了一种使用 Paramiko 以编程方式通过 SSH 连接到 EC2 实例然后运行命令的方法。Boto3 不包含此功能。您可能无需花费大量精力就可以修改 boto 代码以使用 boto3。或者您可以考虑使用诸如 fabric 或 ansible 之类的东西，它们提供了一种在 EC2 实例上远程执行命令的更强大的方法。
