python xml.etree.ElementTree 附加到子元素

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时间:2020-08-19 01:38:42  来源:igfitidea点击:

python xml.etree.ElementTree append to subelement

pythonxmlxml-parsingelementtree

提问by andrsnn

I am trying to use xml.etree.ElementTree to parse a xml file, find a specific tag, append a child to that tag, append another child to the newly created tag and add text to the latter child.

我正在尝试使用 xml.etree.ElementTree 来解析一个 xml 文件,找到一个特定的标记,将一个子项附加到该标记上,将另一个子项附加到新创建的标记上,并向后一个子项添加文本。

My XML:

我的 XML:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>text1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>text2</c>
   </b>
</a>
</root>    

Desired XML:

所需的 XML:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>text1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>text2</c>
   </b>
    <b>
      <c>text3</c>
   </b>
</a>
</root>

Current code:

当前代码:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()


for x in root.iter():
    if (x.tag == 'a'):
        ET.SubElement(x, 'b')
        ET.SubElement(x, 'c')
        #add text

This seems to work except 'c' appends as a child of 'a' rather then 'b'

这似乎有效,除了“c”作为“a”的孩子而不是“b”附加

Like so:

像这样:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>test1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>test2</c>
    </b>
  <b /><c/></a>
</root>

Also, how do I add text to the newly created element 'c'? I could iterate through until I find the a tag 'c' that has no text but there must be a better way.

另外,如何向新创建的元素“c”添加文本?我可以迭代直到找到没有文本的标签“c”,但必须有更好的方法。

采纳答案by alecxe

You need to specify bas a parent element for c.

您需要指定b为 的父元素c

Also, for getting the atag you don't need a loop - just take the root (a).

此外,为了获得a标签,您不需要循环 - 只需取根 ( a)。

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

a = root.find('a')
b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
c = ET.SubElement(b, 'c')
c.text = 'text3'

print ET.tostring(root)

prints:

印刷:

<root>
    <a>
        <b>
          <c>text1</c>
        </b>
        <b>
          <c>text2</c>
        </b>
        <b>
          <c>text3</c>
        </b>
    </a>
</root>

回答by Yonatan Simson

I prefer to define my own function for adding text:

我更喜欢定义我自己的添加文本的函数:

def SubElementWithText(parent, tag, text):
    attrib = {}
    element = parent.makeelement(tag, attrib)
    parent.append(element)
    element.text = text
    return element

Which then is very convenient to use as:

然后使用起来非常方便:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

a = root.find('a')
b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
c = SubElementWithText(b, 'c', 'text3')