Java：存根和骨架之间的区别
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Java: Difference between stub and skeleton
提问by Gigal
What is the difference between stub and skeleton? As I know stub use java RMI and skeleton doesn't.
存根和骨架有什么区别？据我所知，存根使用 java RMI 而骨架不使用。
采纳答案by Ramesh Rajendran
Stubs and Skeletons
存根和骨架
RMI uses a standard mechanism (employed in RPC systems) for communicating with remote objects: stubs and skeletons. A stub for a remote object acts as a client's local representative or proxy for the remote object. The caller invokes a method on the local stub which is responsible for carrying out the method call on the remote object. In RMI, a stub for a remote object implements the same set of remote interfaces that a remote object implements.
RMI 使用标准机制（在 RPC 系统中使用）与远程对象进行通信：存根和骨架。远程对象的存根充当远程对象的客户端本地代表或代理。调用者调用本地存根上的一个方法，该存根负责对远程对象执行方法调用。在 RMI 中，远程对象的存根实现与远程对象实现的相同的远程接口集。
When a stub's method is invoked, it does the following:
当调用存根的方法时，它会执行以下操作：
- initiates a connection with the remote JVM containing the remote object,
- marshals (writes and transmits) the parameters to the remote JVM,
- waits for the result of the method invocation,
- unmarshals (reads) the return value or exception returned, and
- returns the value to the caller.
- 启动与包含远程对象的远程 JVM 的连接，
- 将参数编组（写入和传输）到远程 JVM，
- 等待方法调用的结果，
- 解组（读取）返回的返回值或异常，以及
- 将值返回给调用者。
The stub hides the serialization of parameters and the network-level communication in order to present a simple invocation mechanism to the caller.
In the remote JVM, each remote object may have a corresponding skeleton (in Java 2 platform-only environments, skeletons are not required).
存根隐藏了参数的序列化和网络级通信，以便向调用者提供简单的调用机制。
在远程 JVM 中，每个远程对象可能有一个对应的骨架（在 Java 2 平台环境中，不需要骨架）。
The skeleton is responsible for dispatching the call to the actual remote object implementation.
骨架负责将调用分派到实际的远程对象实现。
When a skeleton receives an incoming method invocation it does the following:
当骨架收到传入的方法调用时，它会执行以下操作：
- unmarshals (reads) the parameters for the remote method,
- invokes the method on the actual remote object implementation, and
- marshals (writes and transmits) the result (return value or exception) to the caller.
- 解组（读取）远程方法的参数，
- 调用实际远程对象实现上的方法，以及
- 将结果（返回值或异常）编组（写入和传输）给调用者。
In the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, v1.2 an additional stub protocol was introduced that eliminates the need for skeletons in Java 2 platform-only environments. Instead, generic code is used to carry out the duties performed by skeletons in JDK1.1. Stubs and skeletons are generated by the rmic compiler.
在 Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, v1.2 中引入了一个额外的存根协议，它消除了在仅限 Java 2 平台的环境中对框架的需求。相反，通用代码用于执行 JDK1.1 中的骨架执行的职责。存根和骨架由 rmic 编译器生成。
