Javascript Javascript颜色渐变
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Javascript color gradient
提问by Dave
Using javascript with or without Jquery, I need to a create a gradient of colours based on a start and finish color. Is this possible to do programmatically?
使用带有或不带有 Jquery 的 javascript，我需要根据开始和结束颜色创建颜色渐变。这可以以编程方式进行吗？
The end colour is only ever going to be darker shade of the start colour and it's for an unordered list which I have no control over the number of li items. I'm looking for a solution that allows me to pick a start and end color, convert the hex value into RGB so it can be manipulated in code. The starting RGB values gets incremented by a step value calculated based upon the number of items.
结束颜色只会比开始颜色更深，而且它是一个无序列表，我无法控制 li 项目的数量。我正在寻找一种解决方案，允许我选择开始和结束颜色，将十六进制值转换为 RGB，以便可以在代码中进行操作。起始 RGB 值会增加一个基于项目数计算的步长值。
so if the list had 8 items then the it needs to increment the seperate Red Green Blue values in 8 steps to achieve the final colour. Is there a better way to do it and if so where can I find some sample code?
因此，如果列表有 8 个项目，则需要分 8 步增加单独的 Red Green Blue 值以获得最终颜色。有没有更好的方法来做到这一点，如果有，我在哪里可以找到一些示例代码？
回答by anomal
I created a JS library, RainbowVis-JSto solve this general problem. You just have to set the number of items using setNumberRangeand set the start and end colour using setSpectrum. Then you get the hex colour code with colourAt.
我创建了一个 JS 库RainbowVis-JS来解决这个普遍问题。您只需要使用setNumberRange设置项目数并使用设置开始和结束颜色setSpectrum。然后你得到十六进制颜色代码colourAt。
var numberOfItems = 8;
var rainbow = new Rainbow();
rainbow.setNumberRange(1, numberOfItems);
rainbow.setSpectrum('red', 'black');
var s = '';
for (var i = 1; i <= numberOfItems; i++) {
var hexColour = rainbow.colourAt(i);
s += '#' + hexColour + ', ';
}
document.write(s);
// gives:
// #ff0000, #db0000, #b60000, #920000, #6d0000, #490000, #240000, #000000,
You are welcome to look at the library's source code. :)
欢迎您查看库的源代码。:)
回答by Euler Junior
Correct function to generate array of colors!
正确的函数来生成颜色数组！
function hex (c) {
var s = "0123456789abcdef";
var i = parseInt (c);
if (i == 0 || isNaN (c))
return "00";
i = Math.round (Math.min (Math.max (0, i), 255));
return s.charAt ((i - i % 16) / 16) + s.charAt (i % 16);
}
/* Convert an RGB triplet to a hex string */
function convertToHex (rgb) {
return hex(rgb[0]) + hex(rgb[1]) + hex(rgb[2]);
}
/* Remove '#' in color hex string */
function trim (s) { return (s.charAt(0) == '#') ? s.substring(1, 7) : s }
/* Convert a hex string to an RGB triplet */
function convertToRGB (hex) {
var color = [];
color[0] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (0, 2), 16);
color[1] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (2, 4), 16);
color[2] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (4, 6), 16);
return color;
}
function generateColor(colorStart,colorEnd,colorCount){
// The beginning of your gradient
var start = convertToRGB (colorStart);
// The end of your gradient
var end = convertToRGB (colorEnd);
// The number of colors to compute
var len = colorCount;
//Alpha blending amount
var alpha = 0.0;
var saida = [];
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var c = [];
alpha += (1.0/len);
c[0] = start[0] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[0];
c[1] = start[1] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[1];
c[2] = start[2] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[2];
saida.push(convertToHex (c));
}
return saida;
}
// Exemplo de como usar
var tmp = generateColor('#000000','#ff0ff0',10);
for (cor in tmp) {
$('#result_show').append("<div style='padding:8px;color:#FFF;background-color:#"+tmp[cor]+"'>COLOR "+cor+"° - #"+tmp[cor]+"</div>")
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="result_show"></div>回答by desau
Yes, absolutely.
是的，一点没错。
I do this in Java, should be fairly simple to do in JavaScript too.
我在 Java 中这样做，在 JavaScript 中也应该相当简单。
First, you'll need to break the colors up into RGB components.
首先，您需要将颜色分解为 RGB 分量。
Then calculate the differences between start and finish of the components.
然后计算组件的开始和结束之间的差异。
Finally, calculate percentage difference and multiply by the start color of each component, then add it to the start color.
最后，计算百分比差异并乘以每个组件的起始颜色，然后将其添加到起始颜色中。
Assuming you can get the RGB values, this should do it:
假设您可以获得 RGB 值，应该这样做：
var diffRed = endColor.red - startColor.red;
var diffGreen = endColor.green - startColor.green;
var diffBlue = endColor.blue - startColor.blue;
diffRed = (diffRed * percentFade) + startColor.red;
diffGreen = (diffGreen * percentFade) + startColor.green;
diffBlue = (diffBlue * percentFade) + startColor.blue;
The "percentFade" is a floating decimal, signifying how far to fade into the "endColor". 1 would be a full fade (thus creating the end color). 0 would be no fade (the starting color).
“percentFade”是一个浮动小数，表示淡入“endColor”的程度。1 将是完全淡入淡出（从而创建结束颜色）。0 表示不褪色（起始颜色）。
回答by drinor
I use this function based on @desau answer:
我根据@desau 的回答使用这个函数：
getGradientColor = function(start_color, end_color, percent) {
// strip the leading # if it's there
start_color = start_color.replace(/^\s*#|\s*$/g, '');
end_color = end_color.replace(/^\s*#|\s*$/g, '');
// convert 3 char codes --> 6, e.g. `E0F` --> `EE00FF`
if(start_color.length == 3){
start_color = start_color.replace(/(.)/g, '');
}
if(end_color.length == 3){
end_color = end_color.replace(/(.)/g, '');
}
// get colors
var start_red = parseInt(start_color.substr(0, 2), 16),
start_green = parseInt(start_color.substr(2, 2), 16),
start_blue = parseInt(start_color.substr(4, 2), 16);
var end_red = parseInt(end_color.substr(0, 2), 16),
end_green = parseInt(end_color.substr(2, 2), 16),
end_blue = parseInt(end_color.substr(4, 2), 16);
// calculate new color
var diff_red = end_red - start_red;
var diff_green = end_green - start_green;
var diff_blue = end_blue - start_blue;
diff_red = ( (diff_red * percent) + start_red ).toString(16).split('.')[0];
diff_green = ( (diff_green * percent) + start_green ).toString(16).split('.')[0];
diff_blue = ( (diff_blue * percent) + start_blue ).toString(16).split('.')[0];
// ensure 2 digits by color
if( diff_red.length == 1 ) diff_red = '0' + diff_red
if( diff_green.length == 1 ) diff_green = '0' + diff_green
if( diff_blue.length == 1 ) diff_blue = '0' + diff_blue
return '#' + diff_red + diff_green + diff_blue;
};
Example:
例子：
getGradientColor('#FF0000', '#00FF00', 0.4);
=> "#996600"
回答by Fidel
desau's answeris great. Here it is in javascript:
desau 的回答很棒。这是在javascript中：
function hexToRgb(hex) {
var result = /^#?([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})$/i.exec(hex);
return result ? {
r: parseInt(result[1], 16),
g: parseInt(result[2], 16),
b: parseInt(result[3], 16)
} : null;
}
function map(value, fromSource, toSource, fromTarget, toTarget) {
return (value - fromSource) / (toSource - fromSource) * (toTarget - fromTarget) + fromTarget;
}
function getColour(startColour, endColour, min, max, value) {
var startRGB = hexToRgb(startColour);
var endRGB = hexToRgb(endColour);
var percentFade = map(value, min, max, 0, 1);
var diffRed = endRGB.r - startRGB.r;
var diffGreen = endRGB.g - startRGB.g;
var diffBlue = endRGB.b - startRGB.b;
diffRed = (diffRed * percentFade) + startRGB.r;
diffGreen = (diffGreen * percentFade) + startRGB.g;
diffBlue = (diffBlue * percentFade) + startRGB.b;
var result = "rgb(" + Math.round(diffRed) + ", " + Math.round(diffGreen) + ", " + Math.round(diffBlue) + ")";
return result;
}
function changeBackgroundColour() {
var count = 0;
window.setInterval(function() {
count = (count + 1) % 200;
var newColour = getColour("#00FF00", "#FF0000", 0, 200, count);
document.body.style.backgroundColor = newColour;
}, 20);
}
changeBackgroundColour();回答by B T
The xolor libraryhas a gradient function. This will create an array with 8 colors in a gradient from a start color to an end color:
该xolor库具有梯度功能。这将创建一个具有 8 种颜色的数组，从开始颜色到结束颜色渐变：
var gradientColors = []
var startColor = "rgb(100,200,50)", endColor = "green"
var start = xolor(startColor)
for(var n=0; n<8; n++) {
gradientColors.push(start.gradient(endColor, n/8))
}
See more on github: https://github.com/fresheneesz/xolor
在 github 上查看更多信息：https: //github.com/fresheneesz/xolor
回答by theHaymaker
I needed to create a large enough array of color options for an unknown set of dynamic elements, but I needed each element to increment their way through a beginning color and an ending color. This sort of follows the "percent fade" approach except I had a difficult time following that logic. This is how I approached it using inputs of two rgb color values and calculating the number of elements on the page.
我需要为一组未知的动态元素创建足够大的颜色选项数组，但我需要每个元素通过开始颜色和结束颜色递增。这种遵循“百分比淡化”方法，但我很难遵循该逻辑。这就是我使用两个 rgb 颜色值的输入并计算页面上元素数量的方法。
Here is a link to a codepenthat demonstrates the concept.
Below is a code snippet of the problem.
下面是问题的代码片段。
<style>
#test {
width:200px;
height:100px;
border:solid 1px #000;
}
.test {
width:49%;
height:100px;
border:solid 1px #000;
display: inline-block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<div class="test"></div>
<script>
var GColor = function(r,g,b) {
r = (typeof r === 'undefined')?0:r;
g = (typeof g === 'undefined')?0:g;
b = (typeof b === 'undefined')?0:b;
return {r:r, g:g, b:b};
};
// increases each channel by the difference of the two
// divided by 255 (the number of colors stored in the range array)
// but only stores a whole number
// This should respect any rgb combinations
// for start and end colors
var createColorRange = function(c1) {
var colorList = [], tmpColor, rr = 0, gg = 0, bb = 0;
for (var i=0; i<255; i++) {
tmpColor = new GColor();
if (rExp >= 0) {
tmpColor.r = Math.floor(c1.r - rr);
rr += rAdditive;
} else {
tmpColor.r = Math.floor(c1.r + rr);
rr += rAdditive;
}
if (gExp >= 0) {
tmpColor.g = Math.floor(c1.g - gg);
gg += gAdditive;
} else {
tmpColor.g = Math.floor(c1.g + gg);
gg += gAdditive;
}
if (bExp >= 0) {
tmpColor.b = Math.floor(c1.b - bb);
bb += bAdditive;
} else {
tmpColor.b = Math.floor(c1.b + bb);
bb += bAdditive;
}
console.log(tmpColor);
colorList.push(tmpColor);
}
return colorList;
};
/* ==================
Testing Code Below
================== */
var firstColor = new GColor(255, 24, 0);
var secondColor = new GColor(255, 182, 0);
// Determine the difference
var rExp = firstColor.r - secondColor.r;
// Divide that difference by length of the array
// you would like to create (255 in this case)
var rAdditive = Math.abs(rExp)/255;
var gExp = firstColor.g - secondColor.g;
var gAdditive = Math.abs(gExp)/255;
var bExp = firstColor.b - secondColor.b;
var bAdditive = Math.abs(bExp)/255;
var range = createColorRange(firstColor, secondColor);
console.log(range);
var pointer = 0;
// This gently cycles through
// all the colors on a single element
function rotateColors() {
var currentColor = range[pointer];
document.getElementById("test").style.backgroundColor = "rgb("+currentColor.r+","+currentColor.g+","+currentColor.b+")";
pointer++;
if (pointer < range.length) window.setTimeout(rotateColors, 5);
}
rotateColors();
// say I have 5 elements
// so I need 5 colors
// I already have my first and last colors
// but I need to locate the colors between
// my start color and my end color
// inside of this range
// so I divide the range's length by the
// number of colors I need
// and I store the index values of the middle values
// those index numbers will then act as my keys to retrieve those values
// and apply them to my element
var myColors = {};
var objects = document.querySelectorAll('.test');
myColors.num = objects.length;
var determineColors = function(numOfColors, colorArray) {
var colors = numOfColors;
var cRange = colorArray;
var distance = Math.floor(cRange.length/colors);
var object = document.querySelectorAll('.test');
var j = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < 255; i += distance) {
if ( (i === (distance*colors)) ) {
object[j].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(" + range[255].r + ", " + range[255].g + ", " + range[255].b + ")";
j = 0;
// console.log(range[i]);
} else {
// Apply to color to the element
object[j].style.backgroundColor = "rgb(" + range[i].r + ", " + range[i].g + ", " + range[i].b + ")";
// Have each element bleed into the next with a gradient
// object[j].style.background = "linear-gradient( 90deg, rgb(" + range[i].r + ", " + range[i].g + ", " + range[i].b + "), rgb(" + range[i+distance].r + ", " + range[i+distance].g + ", " + range[i+distance].b + "))";
j++;
}
}
};
setTimeout( determineColors(myColors.num, range), 2000);
</script>
</body>
回答by r00tandy
Not such mighty but in most cases working and you do not have to include any other libraries except jQuery for the following code:
不是那么强大，但在大多数情况下可以工作，并且您不必为以下代码包含除 jQuery 之外的任何其他库：
HTML:
HTML：
<div id="colors"></div>
JavaScript:
JavaScript：
function rainbow(value, s, l, max, min, start, end) {
value = ((value - min) * (start - end) / max)+end;
return 'hsl(' + value + ','+s+'%,'+l+'%)';
}
function createRainbowDiv(start,end){
var gradient = $("<div>").css({display:"flex", "flex-direction":"row",height:"100%"});
for (var i = start; ((i <= end) && (i >= start)) || ((i >= end) && (i <= start));
i += (end-start) / Math.abs(end-start)){
gradient.append($("<div>").css({float:"left","background-color":rainbow(i, 100,50, Math.max(start,end), Math.min(start,end), start,end),flex:1}));
}
return gradient;
}
$("#colors").append(createRainbowDiv(0,150));
$("#colors").css("width","100%").css("height","10px");
This should make an div that contains a rainbow. See http://jsfiddle.net/rootandy/54rV7/
这应该制作一个包含彩虹的 div。见http://jsfiddle.net/rootandy/54rV7/
回答by bratsche
You can retrieve the list of elements. I'm not familiar with jQuery, but prototypejs has Element.childElements() which will return an array. Once you know the length of the array, you can determine how much to change the pixel components for each step. Some of the following code I haven't tested out in the form I'm presenting it in, but it should hopefully give you an idea.
您可以检索元素列表。我不熟悉 jQuery，但prototypejs 有 Element.childElements() 它将返回一个数组。一旦知道数组的长度，就可以确定每一步改变像素分量的程度。下面的一些代码我没有以我展示的形式测试过，但它应该会给你一个想法。
function hex (c) {
var s = "0123456789abcdef";
var i = parseInt (c);
if (i == 0 || isNaN (c))
return "00";
i = Math.round (Math.min (Math.max (0, i), 255));
return s.charAt ((i - i % 16) / 16) + s.charAt (i % 16);
}
/* Convert an RGB triplet to a hex string */
function convertToHex (rgb) {
return hex(rgb[0]) + hex(rgb[1]) + hex(rgb[2]);
}
/* Remove '#' in color hex string */
function trim (s) { return (s.charAt(0) == '#') ? s.substring(1, 7) : s }
/* Convert a hex string to an RGB triplet */
function convertToRGB (hex) {
var color[];
color[0] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (0, 2), 16);
color[1] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (2, 4), 16);
color[2] = parseInt ((trim(hex)).substring (4, 6), 16);
}
/* The start of your code. */
var start = convertToRGB ('#000000'); /* The beginning of your gradient */
var end = convertToRGB ('#ffffff'); /* The end of your gradient */
var arr = $('.gradientList').childElements();
var len = arr.length(); /* The number of colors to compute */
var alpha = 0.5; /* Alpha blending amount */
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var c = [];
c[0] = start[0] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[0];
c[1] = start[1] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[1];
c[2] = start[2] * alpha + (1 - alpha) * end[2];
/* Set the background color of this element */
arr[i].setStyle ({ 'background-color': convertToHex (c) });
}
回答by bratsche
Basic Javascript - Background Gradient
基本 Javascript - 背景渐变
Here's a ready-made function to set an elements background to be a gradient
这是一个现成的函数，用于将元素背景设置为渐变
Using CSS
使用 CSS
Element.prototype.setGradient = function( from, to, vertical ){
this.style.background = 'linear-gradient(to '+(vertical ? 'top' : 'left')+', '+from+', '+to+' 100%)';
}
And Usage :
和用法：
document.querySelector('.mydiv').setGradient('red','green');
This was tested working with chrome, I'll try to update for other browsers
这是在 chrome 上测试过的，我会尝试为其他浏览器更新
Using Canvas
使用画布
The most basic horizontal would be :
最基本的水平将是：
Element.prototype.setGradient = function( fromColor, toColor ){
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var b = this.getBoundingClientRect();
var grd = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 0, b.width, 0);
canvas.width = b.width;
canvas.height = b.height;
grd.addColorStop(0, fromColor);
grd.addColorStop(1, toColor);
ctx.fillStyle = grd;
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, b.width, b.height);
this.style.backgroundImage = 'url('+canvas.toDataURL()+')';
}
And Usage :
和用法：
document.querySelector('.mydiv').setGradient('red','green');
A Fiddle : https://jsfiddle.net/jch39bey/
小提琴：https: //jsfiddle.net/jch39bey/
-
——
Adding Vertical Gradient
添加垂直渐变
A simple flag to set vertical
设置垂直的简单标志
Element.prototype.setGradient = function( fromColor, toColor, vertical ){
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
var b = this.getBoundingClientRect();
var grd = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 0, vertical ? 0 : b.width, vertical ? b.height : 0);
canvas.width = b.width;
canvas.height = b.height;
grd.addColorStop(0, fromColor);
grd.addColorStop(1, toColor);
ctx.fillStyle = grd;
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, b.width, b.height);
this.style.backgroundImage = 'url('+canvas.toDataURL()+')';
}
And Usage :
和用法：
document.querySelector('.mydiv').setGradient('red','green',true);
