如何读取 git-ls-tree 输出的 mode 字段
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How to read the mode field of git-ls-tree's output
提问by an0
$ git ls-tree fb3a8bdd0ce
100644 blob 63c918c667fa005ff12ad89437f2fdc80926e21c .gitignore
100644 blob 5529b198e8d14decbe4ad99db3f7fb632de0439d .mailmap
100644 blob 6ff87c4664981e4397625791c8ea3bbb5f2279a3 COPYING
040000 tree 2fb783e477100ce076f6bf57e4a6f026013dc745 Documentation
100755 blob 3c0032cec592a765692234f1cba47dfdcc3a9200 GIT-VERSION-GEN
100644 blob 289b046a443c0647624607d471289b2c7dcd470b INSTALL
100644 blob 4eb463797adc693dc168b926b6932ff53f17d0b1 Makefile
100644 blob 548142c327a6790ff8821d67c2ee1eff7a656b52 README
...
I know the last 3 oct digits are file mode, but what are the first 3 digits for? I can't find it out in git user's manual.
我知道最后 3 个八进制数字是文件模式，但前 3 个数字是什么？我在 git 用户手册中找不到它。
采纳答案by adl
The 6 digits show the file mode using the classical UNIX notations. First two digits show file type, the third one is about set-uid/set-gid/sticky bits, and you know the last three.
6 位数字显示使用经典 UNIX 符号的文件模式。前两位数字表示文件类型，第三位数字是关于 set-uid/set-gid/sticky bits，最后三位你知道。
Here is how man 2 statdocuments it on my GNU/Linux system:
以下是如何man 2 stat在我的 GNU/Linux 系统上记录它：
The following flags are defined for the st_mode field:
S_IFMT 0170000 bit mask for the file type bit fields
S_IFSOCK 0140000 socket
S_IFLNK 0120000 symbolic link
S_IFREG 0100000 regular file
S_IFBLK 0060000 block device
S_IFDIR 0040000 directory
S_IFCHR 0020000 character device
S_IFIFO 0010000 FIFO
S_ISUID 0004000 set UID bit
S_ISGID 0002000 set-group-ID bit (see below)
S_ISVTX 0001000 sticky bit (see below)
S_IRWXU 00700 mask for file owner permissions
S_IRUSR 00400 owner has read permission
S_IWUSR 00200 owner has write permission
S_IXUSR 00100 owner has execute permission
S_IRWXG 00070 mask for group permissions
S_IRGRP 00040 group has read permission
S_IWGRP 00020 group has write permission
S_IXGRP 00010 group has execute permission
S_IRWXO 00007 mask for permissions for others (not in group)
S_IROTH 00004 others have read permission
S_IWOTH 00002 others have write permission
S_IXOTH 00001 others have execute permission
回答by Dan Cruz
From the Git index-format.txtfile, regarding the mode:
从 Gitindex-format.txt文件中，关于模式：
32-bit mode, split into (high to low bits)
4-bit object type
valid values in binary are 1000 (regular file), 1010 (symbolic link)
and 1110 (gitlink)
3-bit unused
9-bit unix permission. Only 0755 and 0644 are valid for regular files.
Symbolic links and gitlinks have value 0 in this field.
Also, a directory object type (binary 0100) and group-writeable (0664 permissions) regular file are allowed as indicated by the fsck.cfsck_treemethod. The regular non-executable group-writeable file is a non-standard mode that was supported in earlier versions of Git.
此外，如方法所示，允许目录对象类型（二进制 0100）和组可写（0664 权限）常规文件。常规的不可执行组可写文件是早期版本的 Git 支持的非标准模式。fsck.cfsck_tree
This makes valid modes (as binary and octal):
这使得有效模式（如二进制和八进制）：
0100000000000000(040000): Directory1000000110100100(100644): Regular non-executable file1000000110110100(100664): Regular non-executable group-writeable file1000000111101101(100755): Regular executable file1010000000000000(120000): Symbolic link1110000000000000(160000): Gitlink
0100000000000000(040000): 目录1000000110100100(100644): 普通不可执行文件1000000110110100(100664): 普通不可执行的组可写文件1000000111101101(100755): 普通可执行文件1010000000000000(120000): 符号链接1110000000000000(160000): Gitlink
