如何在不同的目录中编译和运行 Java 类？
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How can I compile and run a Java class in a different directory?
提问by vette982
I'm writing a makefile that compiles a .javafile in a different directory, and then I want to run it, without changing directories. I want to do something along the lines of:
我正在编写一个 makefile 来编译.java不同目录中的文件，然后我想在不更改目录的情况下运行它。我想做一些事情：
$(SQM_JAVA_TOOL_DONE) : $(SQM_JAVA_TOOL)
$(shell cd /home_dir)
javac myjavafile.java
java myjavafile
where the Java file is /home/myjavafile.java, and the makefile isn't running from /home.
Java 文件所在的位置/home/myjavafile.java，并且生成文件不是从/home.
How can I do this?
我怎样才能做到这一点？
采纳答案by mikej
I might be misunderstanding the question, but you can compile with
我可能误解了这个问题，但你可以编译
javac /home/MyJavaFile.java
This will create MyJavaFile.classin /home
这将MyJavaFile.class在/home
You can then run it by including /homeon the classpath. e.g.
然后，您可以通过包含/home在类路径中来运行它。例如
java -cp /home MyJavaFile
If you want to generate the class file in a different directory then you can use the -doption to javac.
如果你想生成一个不同的目录中的类文件，那么你可以使用该-d选项javac。
回答by Michael
Use the -dcommand line parameter with javacto tell it what directory you'd like to store the compiled class files in. Then, to run the program, simply include this directory in the classpath:
使用-d命令行参数 withjavac告诉它你想将编译的类文件存储在哪个目录中。 然后，要运行程序，只需将此目录包含在类路径中：
javac -d some/directory myjavafile.java
java -cp some/directory myjavafile
回答by dimo414
Just to add to the existing answers, you may want the --source-pathflag:
只是为了添加到现有答案中，您可能需要该--source-path标志：
--source-path <path>, -sourcepath <path> Specify where to find input source files
--source-path <path>, -sourcepath <path> Specify where to find input source files
I believe this effectively sets the package root javacwill compile from (i.e. <path>will be stripped from the expected package name of the files). It's still necessary to enumerate the files to compile, and this should still be relative to the current working directory, notthe path passed to --source-path.
我相信这有效地设置了包根javac将从中编译（<path>即将从文件的预期包名称中删除）。仍然需要枚举要编译的文件，并且这仍然应该是相对于当前工作目录的，而不是传递给--source-path.
For example, to compile and run from a project's root where source is stored in src/and you want it build in bin/:
例如，要从存储源的项目的根目录编译和运行，src/并且您希望它内置bin/：
$ javac --source-path src -d bin src/mypackage/*.java
$ java -cp bin mypackage.Main
This works even from directories elsewhere in the filesystem, e.g.:
这甚至适用于文件系统中其他地方的目录，例如：
$ javac --source-path /some/absolute/path/src -d /some/absolute/path/bin /some/absolute/path/
$ java -cp /some/absolute/path/bin mypackage.Main
