如何编程 Linux .dts 设备树文件？
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How to program Linux .dts device tree files?
提问by Ezio
I'm going to launch a Linux on my development board, and i need a dts file (device tree file) to describe the whole hardware. But I only know very little about the syntax of this file which is not enough to run Linux properly on the board.
我要在我的开发板上启动一个 Linux，我需要一个 dts 文件（设备树文件）来描述整个硬件。但是我对这个文件的语法知之甚少，不足以在板上正确运行 Linux。
What i know now are only how to describe a unit's interrupt number, frequency, address, parent-unit and its compatible driver type (as described below):
我现在只知道如何描述单元的中断号、频率、地址、父单元及其兼容的驱动程序类型（如下所述）：
ps7_scuwdt_0: ps7-scuwdt@f8f00620 {
compatible = "xlnx,ps7-scuwdt-1.00.a";
device_type = "watchdog";
interrupt-parent = <&ps7_scugic_0>;
interrupts = < 1 14 769 >;
reg = < 0xf8f00620 0xe0 >;
} ;
Other advanced usage or grammar is unfamiliar to me.
其他高级用法或语法对我来说并不熟悉。
采纳答案by TheCodeArtist
Take a look at the dts of the board which most closely resembles your dev-board. Use that as a reference and make changes to the dts according to the differences between the reference board and your dev-board.
看看与您的开发板最相似的板的 dts。将其用作参考并根据参考板和开发板之间的差异对 dts 进行更改。
Also checkout the following :
- Device-tree Documentation projectat eLinux (has a vast collection of links to start reading).
- Series of articleson the basics of device tree.
- Walkthroughof migrating to device-tree.
另请查看以下内容：
- eLinux 上的设备树文档项目（有大量链接可供开始阅读）。
-关于设备树基础知识的系列文章。
-迁移到设备树的演练。
回答by Rathin Paul
Lets take a example and I will explain each one of them as below
让我们举一个例子，我将解释每一个如下
auart0: serial@8006a000 {
compatible = "fsl,imx28-auart", "fsl,imx23-auart";
reg = <0x8006a000 0x2000>;
interrupts = <112>;
dmas = <&dma_apbx 8>, <&dma_apbx 9>;
dma-names = "rx", "tx";
};
Required properties:
- compatible : Should be "fsl,-auart". The supported SoCs include
imx23 and imx28.
- reg : Address and length of the register set for the device
- interrupts : Should contain the auart interrupt numbers
- dmas: DMA specifier, consisting of a phandle to DMA controller node
and AUART DMA channel ID.
- dma-names: "rx" for RX channel, "tx" for TX channel.
必需的属性：
- 兼容：应该是“fsl,-auart”。支持的 SoC 包括 imx23 和 imx28。
- reg：为设备设置的寄存器的地址和长度
- 中断：应包含 auart 中断号
- dmas：DMA 说明符，由 phandle 到 DMA 控制器节点和 AUART DMA 通道 ID 组成。
- dma-names：RX 通道为“rx”，TX 通道为“tx”。
Note: Each auart port should have an alias correctly numbered in "aliases"
node.
For more advance properties, please go to this link, it is very useful
Device Tree Explanation
注意：每个 auart 端口都应该有一个在“别名”节点中正确编号的别名。
有关更多高级属性，请转到此链接，这是非常有用的
设备树说明
Hope it helps!
希望能帮助到你！
回答by h0ch5tr4355
Complementary to the other answers:
补充其他答案：
Keep in mind, that there is also a section for devicetrees in the official kernel source under root/Documentation/devicetree(https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Documentation/devicetree?h=v5.2-rc5).
请记住，在root/Documentation/devicetree( https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Documentation/devicetree ?h=v5.2-rc5）。
