从 SQL 2008 中的外键关系生成删除语句？
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/485581/
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Generate Delete Statement From Foreign Key Relationships in SQL 2008?
提问by Element
Is it possible via script/tool to generate a delete statement based on the tables fk relations.
是否可以通过脚本/工具根据表 fk 关系生成删除语句。
i.e. I have the table: DelMe(ID) and there are 30 tables with fk references to its ID that I need to delete first, is there some tool/script that I can run that will generate the 30 delete statements based on the FK relations for me ?
即我有表：DelMe(ID) 并且有 30 个表带有对其 ID 的 fk 引用，我需要先删除，是否有一些我可以运行的工具/脚本可以根据 FK 关系生成 30 个删除语句为了我 ？
(btw I know about cascade delete on the relations, I can't use it in this existing db)
（顺便说一句，我知道关系上的级联删除，我不能在这个现有的数据库中使用它）
I'm using Microsoft SQL Server 2008
我使用的是 Microsoft SQL Server 2008
采纳答案by devio
DELETE statements generated for use in SP with parameter, and as ON DELETE triggers: (this variant supports single column FKs only)
生成的 DELETE 语句用于带参数的 SP，并作为 ON DELETE 触发器：（此变体仅支持单列 FK）
SELECT 'DELETE '+detail.name+' WHERE '+dcolumn.name+' = @'+mcolumn.name AS stmt,
'DELETE ' + detail.name + ' FROM ' + detail.name + ' INNER JOIN deleted ON ' +
detail.name + '.' + dcolumn.name + ' = deleted.' + mcolumn.name AS trg
FROM sys.columns AS mcolumn
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns ON mcolumn.object_id =
sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_object_id
AND mcolumn.column_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS master ON mcolumn.object_id = master.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS dcolumn
ON sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id = dcolumn.object_id
AND sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id = dcolumn.column_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables AS detail ON dcolumn.object_id = detail.object_id
WHERE (master.name = N'MyTableName')
回答by Ohad Schneider
Here is a script for cascading delete by Aasim Abdullah, works for me on MS SQL Server 2008:
这是Aasim Abdullah 的级联删除脚本，适用于 MS SQL Server 2008：
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.udfGetFullQualName') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.udfGetFullQualName;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udfGetFullQualName
(@ObjectId INT)
RETURNS VARCHAR (300)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @schema_id AS BIGINT;
SELECT @schema_id = schema_id
FROM sys.tables
WHERE object_id = @ObjectId;
RETURN '[' + SCHEMA_NAME(@schema_id) + '].[' + OBJECT_NAME(@ObjectId) + ']';
END
GO
--============ Supporting Function dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause
(@fkNameId INT)
RETURNS VARCHAR (1000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @OnClauseTemplate AS VARCHAR (1000);
SET @OnClauseTemplate = '[<@pTable>].[<@pCol>] = [<@cTable>].[<@cCol>] AND ';
DECLARE @str AS VARCHAR (1000);
SET @str = '';
SELECT @str = @str + REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@OnClauseTemplate, '<@pTable>', OBJECT_NAME(rkeyid)), '<@pCol>', COL_NAME(rkeyid, rkey)), '<@cTable>', OBJECT_NAME(fkeyid)), '<@cCol>', COL_NAME(fkeyid, fkey))
FROM dbo.sysforeignkeys AS fk
WHERE fk.constid = @fkNameId; --OBJECT_ID('FK_ProductArrearsMe_ProductArrears')
RETURN LEFT(@str, LEN(@str) - LEN(' AND '));
END
GO
--=========== CASECADE DELETE STORED PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.uspCascadeDelete') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId VARCHAR (300), @WhereClause VARCHAR (2000), @ExecuteDelete CHAR (1)='N', --'N' IF YOU NEED DELETE SCRIPT
@FromClause VARCHAR (8000)='', @Level INT=0 -- TABLE NAME OR OBJECT (TABLE) ID (Production.Location) WHERE CLAUSE (Location.LocationID = 7) 'Y' IF WANT TO DELETE DIRECTLY FROM SP, IF LEVEL 0, THEN KEEP DEFAULT
AS -- writen by Daniel Crowther 16 Dec 2004 - handles composite primary keys
SET NOCOUNT ON;
/* Set up debug */
DECLARE @DebugMsg AS VARCHAR (4000),
@DebugIndent AS VARCHAR (50);
SET @DebugIndent = REPLICATE('---', @@NESTLEVEL) + '> ';
IF ISNUMERIC(@ParentTableId) = 0
BEGIN -- assume owner is dbo and calculate id
IF CHARINDEX('.', @ParentTableId) = 0
SET @ParentTableId = OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[' + @ParentTableId + ']');
ELSE
SET @ParentTableId = OBJECT_ID(@ParentTableId);
END
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' **************************************************************************';
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** Cascade delete ALL data from ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId);
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** @ExecuteDelete = Y *** deleting data...';
ELSE
PRINT @DebugIndent + ' *** Cut and paste output into another window and execute ***';
END
DECLARE @CRLF AS CHAR (2);
SET @CRLF = CHAR(13) + CHAR(10);
DECLARE @strSQL AS VARCHAR (4000);
IF @Level = 0
SET @strSQL = 'SET NOCOUNT ON' + @CRLF;
ELSE
SET @strSQL = '';
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Level=' + CAST (@@NESTLEVEL AS VARCHAR) + '''';
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
DECLARE curs_children CURSOR LOCAL FORWARD_ONLY
FOR SELECT DISTINCT constid AS fkNameId, -- constraint name
fkeyid AS cTableId
FROM dbo.sysforeignkeys AS fk
WHERE fk.rkeyid <> fk.fkeyid -- WE DO NOT HANDLE self referencing tables!!!
AND fk.rkeyid = @ParentTableId;
OPEN curs_children;
DECLARE @fkNameId AS INT,
@cTableId AS INT,
@cColId AS INT,
@pTableId AS INT,
@pColId AS INT;
FETCH NEXT FROM curs_children INTO @fkNameId, @cTableId; --, @cColId, @pTableId, @pColId
DECLARE @strFromClause AS VARCHAR (1000);
DECLARE @nLevel AS INT;
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
SET @FromClause = 'FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId);
END
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SELECT @strFromClause = @FromClause + @CRLF + ' INNER JOIN ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + @CRLF + ' ON ' + dbo.udfGetOnJoinClause(@fkNameId);
SET @nLevel = @Level + 1;
EXECUTE dbo.uspCascadeDelete @ParentTableId = @cTableId, @WhereClause = @WhereClause, @ExecuteDelete = @ExecuteDelete, @FromClause = @strFromClause, @Level = @nLevel;
SET @strSQL = 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + @CRLF + @strFromClause + @CRLF + 'WHERE ' + @WhereClause + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''---' + @DebugIndent + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@cTableId) + ' Rows Deleted: '' + CAST(@@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR)' + @CRLF + @CRLF;
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
FETCH NEXT FROM curs_children INTO @fkNameId, @cTableId;
--, @cColId, @pTableId, @pColId
END
IF @Level = 0
BEGIN
SET @strSQL = @CRLF + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Level=' + CAST (@@NESTLEVEL AS VARCHAR) + ' TOP LEVEL PARENT TABLE''' + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' WHERE ' + @WhereClause + @CRLF;
SET @strSQL = @strSQL + 'PRINT ''' + @DebugIndent + 'DELETE FROM ' + dbo.udfGetFullQualName(@ParentTableId) + ' Rows Deleted: '' + CAST(@@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR)' + @CRLF;
IF @ExecuteDelete = 'Y'
EXECUTE (@strSQL);
ELSE
PRINT @strSQL;
END
CLOSE curs_children;
DEALLOCATE curs_children;
Usage example 1
使用示例 1
Note the use of the fully qualified column name in the example. It's subtle but you must specify the table name for the generated SQL to execute properly.
请注意示例中完全限定列名的使用。这很微妙，但您必须为生成的 SQL 指定表名才能正确执行。
EXEC uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'Production.Location',
@WhereClause = 'Location.LocationID = 2'
Usage example 2
使用示例 2
EXEC uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'dbo.brand',
@WhereClause = 'brand.brand_name <> ''Apple'''
Usage example 3
使用示例 3
exec uspCascadeDelete
@ParentTableId = 'dbo.product_type',
@WhereClause = 'product_type.product_type_id NOT IN
(SELECT bpt.product_type_id FROM dbo.brand_product_type bpt)'
回答by Cade Roux
I'm pretty sure I posted code here on Stack Overflow which does this automatically using INFORMATION_SCHEMAto generate dynamic SQL, but I can't find it. Let me see if I can regenerate it.
我很确定我在 Stack Overflow 上发布了代码，它自动执行此操作INFORMATION_SCHEMA以生成动态 SQL，但我找不到它。让我看看我能不能再生它。
You might need to check this out a bit, I couldn't find my original code, so I modified some code I had which builds flattend views for star-schemas automatically.
你可能需要检查一下，我找不到我的原始代码，所以我修改了一些代码，这些代码自动为星型模式构建平面视图。
DECLARE @COLUMN_NAME AS sysname
DECLARE @TABLE_NAME AS sysname
DECLARE @IDValue AS int
SET @COLUMN_NAME = '<Your COLUMN_NAME here>'
SET @TABLE_NAME = '<Your TABLE_NAME here>'
SET @IDValue = 123456789
DECLARE @sql AS varchar(max) ;
WITH RELATED_COLUMNS
AS (
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.'
+ QUOTENAME(c.TABLE_NAME) AS [OBJECT_NAME]
,c.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS c WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS t WITH (NOLOCK)
ON c.TABLE_CATALOG = t.TABLE_CATALOG
AND c.TABLE_SCHEMA = t.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND c.TABLE_NAME = t.TABLE_NAME
AND t.TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
INNER JOIN (
SELECT rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
,rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
,lkc.TABLE_NAME
,lkc.COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
WITH (NOLOCK)
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE lkc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON lkc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND lkc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND lkc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS tc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON rc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = tc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND rc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = tc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE rkc
WITH (NOLOCK)
ON rkc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = tc.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
AND rkc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = tc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
AND rkc.CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE rkc.COLUMN_NAME = @COLUMN_NAME
AND rkc.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
) AS j
ON j.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = c.TABLE_CATALOG
AND j.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND j.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
AND j.COLUMN_NAME = c.COLUMN_NAME
)
SELECT @sql = COALESCE(@sql, '') + 'DELETE FROM ' + [OBJECT_NAME]
+ ' WHERE ' + [COLUMN_NAME] + ' = ' + CONVERT(varchar, @IDValue)
+ CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)
FROM RELATED_COLUMNS
PRINT @sql
回答by MrTelly
Another technique is to use a code generator to create the Sql. I'm pretty sure the MyGeneration(no connection) has existing templates to do this. Using that tool and the right template you can create a sql script that deletes the relevant stuff with no pain.
另一种技术是使用代码生成器来创建 Sql。我很确定MyGeneration（无连接）有现有的模板来做到这一点。使用该工具和正确的模板，您可以创建一个 sql 脚本，该脚本可以毫不费力地删除相关内容。
回答by Joel Coehoorn
Unfortunately, I think cascading isthe tool you're asking for. I understand not being able to use it, but that fact that it exists as a built-in part of the db has pretty much killed the need for an alternative.
不幸的是，我认为级联是您要求的工具。我知道无法使用它，但它作为数据库的内置部分存在这一事实几乎消除了对替代方案的需求。
