我可以使用 heredoc 在 bash 中输入密码吗？
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Can I use a heredoc to enter a password in bash?
提问by B Johnson
I know about RSA authentication, but for my purposes I want to use a heredoc to specify the password. I want something like the following, but I can't get it to work. Is this even possible?
我了解 RSA 身份验证，但出于我的目的，我想使用 heredoc 来指定密码。我想要类似以下的东西，但我无法让它工作。这甚至可能吗？
#!/bin/bash
echo -n "Enter Password: "
read -s password
ssh myhost << EOL
$password
echo "I'm logged onto myhost"
EOL
echo done
This is what I get when I try it:
这是我尝试时得到的：
$ ./testssh
Enter Password:
Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.
user@myhost's password:
Warning: No xauth data; using fake authentication data for X11 forwarding.
Warning: no access to tty (Bad file descriptor).
Thus no job control in this shell.
mypassword: Command not found.
I'm logged onto myhost
done
EDIT:
编辑：
Based on bmargulies' answer, I reworked my script and came up with the following:
根据 bmargulies 的回答，我重新编写了脚本并提出了以下内容：
#!/bin/bash
echo -n "Enter the Host: "
read HOST
echo -n "Enter Username: "
read USER
echo -n "Enter Password: "
read -s PASS
VAR=$(expect -c "
spawn ssh $USER@$HOST
expect \"password:\"
send \"$PASS\r\"
expect \">\"
send \"ls\r\"
send \"echo 'I\'m on $HOST'\r\"
expect -re \"stuff\"
send \"logout\"
")
echo -e "\n\n\n========"
echo VAR = "$VAR"
echo done
回答by bmargulies
Programs that read passwords often specifically open /dev/tty to defeat redirection. In which case, the tool you need is 'expect', which will run one behind a pseudo-tty.
读取密码的程序通常专门打开 /dev/tty 以阻止重定向。在这种情况下，您需要的工具是“expect”，它将在伪 tty 后面运行。
回答by EJ Campbell
If you mix in w/ perl, you can do something "clean" (from a non needing to quote view) like this:
如果您混合使用 perl，您可以像这样做一些“干净”的事情（从不需要引用的视图中）：
#!/bin/bash
cmd="ssh myhost << EOL"
echo -n "Enter Password: "
read -s password
# answer password prompt
# note we use ctl-A as our quote delimeter around the password so we run
# no risk of it escaping quotes
script='
use Expect;
use ysecure;
my $exp = new Expect;
$exp->raw_pty(1);
$exp->spawn(q|<CMD>|);
$exp->expect(30,">");
$exp->send(q^A<PASSWORD>^A . "\n");
$exp->soft_close();
$exp->exitstatus() && die;
'
script=${script//<CMD>/$cmd}
script=${script//<PASSWORD>/$password}
perl -e "$script"
