git 错误：无法锁定 ref.. 'refs/tags' 存在；无法创建 'refs/tags/

error: cannot lock ref.. 'refs/tags' exists; cannot create 'refs/tags/

提问by k3it

I'm getting a strange "cannot lock ref" error when trying to pull changes from github. I've tried git gc, and looked around for similar errors but can't find a solution.

尝试从 github 中提取更改时，我收到一个奇怪的“无法锁定引用”错误。我试过 git gc，并环顾四周寻找类似的错误，但找不到解决方案。

> git pull
error: cannot lock ref 'refs/tags/v2.8': 'refs/tags' exists; cannot create 'refs/tags/v2.8'
From github.com:k3it/qsorder
 ! [new tag]         v2.8       -> v2.8  (unable to update local ref)
error: cannot lock ref 'refs/tags/v2.9': 'refs/tags' exists; cannot create 'refs/tags/v2.9'
 ! [new tag]         v2.9       -> v2.9  (unable to update local ref)

回答by torek

Your Git is complaining that a reference (rather than a directory) named refs/tagsexists. It's not clear what would createthat, but see if git rev-parse refs/tagsproduces a hash ID. If so, that reference needs to go away:

您的 Git 抱怨refs/tags存在一个名为的引用（而不是目录）。不清楚是什么会创建它，但看看是否git rev-parse refs/tags会产生一个哈希 ID。如果是这样，该引用需要消失：

git update-ref -d refs/tags

after which git fetchshould work.

之后git fetch应该工作。

If git rev-parse refs/tagsfails (which it should—refs/tagsitself should not be a valid name) then this is notthe problem and it's not clear what the actual problem is.

如果git rev-parse refs/tags失败（它应该——refs/tags它本身不应该是一个有效的名称）那么这不是问题，也不清楚实际问题是什么。

回答by Xstatic

Running

跑步

git remote prune origin

Worked for me. Not sure why this was the issue, but seems like there was a broken reference to a remote branch.

对我来说有效。不知道为什么会出现这个问题，但似乎对远程分支的引用已损坏。

回答by Sajib Khan

error: cannot lock ref 'refs/tags/v2.8': 'refs/tags' exists; cannot create 'refs/tags/v2.8' From github.com:k3it/qsorder

错误：无法锁定引用“refs/tags/v2.8”：“refs/tags”存在；无法从 github.com:k3it/qsorder 创建“refs/tags/v2.8”

Try deleting your local tag v2.8and v2.9then pull again.

尝试删除您的本地标签v2.8，v2.9然后再次拉取。

$ git tag -d v2.8 
$ git tag -d v2.9

$ git pull

---

---

If you want to delete all local tags by a command:

如果要通过命令删除所有本地标签：

$ git tag | xargs git tag -d

回答by Tomer Bar-Shlomo

#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo "update-ref delete refs/tags"
log="git-update-ref-errors.log"
script="./git-update-ref-exist-tags-delete.sh"
git_command="git update-ref -d refs/tags"

echo "log errors from ${git_command} to ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | > ${log}
echo "show errors to ${log}"
cat ${log}
echo create ${script}
touch ${script}
echo "add execute (+x) permissions to ${script}"
chmod +x ${script}
echo "generate ${script} from errors log ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | grep 'exists' | sed -n "s:.*\: 'refs/tags/\(.*\)' exists;.*:git tag -d '':p" >> ${script}
echo "execute ${script}"
${script}

echo fetch
log="git-fetch-errors.log"
script="./git-fetch-exist-tags-delete.sh"
git_command="git fetch"
echo "log errors from ${git_command} to ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | > ${log}
echo "show errors from ${log}"
cat ${log}
echo create ${script}
touch ${script}
echo "add execute (+x) permissions to ${script}"
chmod +x ${script}
echo "generate ${script} from errors log ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | grep 'exists' | sed -n "s:.*\: 'refs/tags/\(.*\)' exists;.*:git tag -d '':p" >> ${script}
echo "execute ${script}"
${script}
git fetch

echo pull
log="git-pull-errors.log"
script="./git-pull-exist-tags-delete.sh"
git_command="git pull"
echo "log errors from ${git_command} to ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | > ${log}
echo "show errors from ${log}"
cat ${log}
echo create ${script}
touch ${script}
echo "add execute (+x) permissions to ${script}"
chmod +x ${script}
echo "generate ${script} from errors log ${log}"
${git_command} 2>&1 | grep 'exists' | sed -n "s:.*\: 'refs/tags/\(.*\)' exists;.*:git tag -d '':p" >> ${script}
echo "execute ${script}"
${script}
git pull

The script above will log errors to XXX-errors.log and fix them by generating and running a XXX-exist-tags-delete.sh automatically from the XXX-errors.log using the following commands:

上面的脚本将错误记录到 XXX-errors.log 并通过使用以下命令从 XXX-errors.log 自动生成和运行 XXX-exist-tags-delete.sh 来修复它们：

1. git update-ref -d refs/tags
2. git fetch
3. git pull

1. git update-ref -d 参考/标签
2. 混帐
3. 拉

回答by Melad

I was trying to push (/dev/somechanges) and I have a remote branch (/dev) with the same prefix when I choose a new name that is not starting with /dev it worked fine.

我试图推送 (/dev/somechanges) 并且当我选择一个不以 /dev 开头的新名称时，我有一个具有相同前缀的远程分支 (/dev) 它工作正常。

回答by Shane Fast

For a quick work around you can use

为了快速解决您可以使用

git push --delete origin 'v2.8'

git push --delete origin 'v2.8'

git push --delete origin 'v2.9'

git push --delete origin 'v2.9'

回答by Krishna Jit

This is what I tried and it worked for me.

这是我尝试过的，它对我有用。

git remote prune origin