如何在 Windows 中查找路径长度大于 260 个字符的文件？
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How do I find files with a path length greater than 260 characters in Windows?
提问by WestHamster
I'm using a xcopy in an XP windows script to recursively copy a directory. I keep getting an 'Insufficient Memory' error, which I understand is because a file I'm trying to copy has too long a path. I can easily reduce the path length, but unfortunately I can't work out which files are violating the path length restriction. The files that are copied are printed to the standard output (which I'm redirecting to a log file), but the error message is printed to the terminal, so I can't even work out approximately which directory the error is being given for.
我在 XP Windows 脚本中使用 xcopy 递归复制目录。我不断收到“内存不足”错误，我理解这是因为我尝试复制的文件路径太长。我可以轻松地减少路径长度，但不幸的是我无法确定哪些文件违反了路径长度限制。复制的文件打印到标准输出（我将其重定向到日志文件），但错误消息打印到终端，所以我什至无法确定错误是针对哪个目录给出的.
回答by rerun
do a dir /s /b > out.txtand then add a guide at position 260
做一个dir /s /b > out.txt，然后在位置 260 添加一个指南
In powershell cmd /c dir /s /b |? {$_.length -gt 260}
在 PowerShell 中 cmd /c dir /s /b |? {$_.length -gt 260}
回答by deadlydog
I created the Path Length Checker toolfor this purpose, which is a nice, free GUI app that you can use to see the path lengths of all files and directories in a given directory.
为此，我创建了 Path Length Checker 工具，这是一个不错的免费 GUI 应用程序，您可以使用它来查看给定目录中所有文件和目录的路径长度。
I've also written and blogged about a simple PowerShell scriptfor getting file and directory lengths. It will output the length and path to a file, and optionally write it to the console as well. It doesn't limit to displaying files that are only over a certain length (an easy modification to make), but displays them descending by length, so it's still super easy to see which paths are over your threshold. Here it is:
我还写过一篇关于获取文件和目录长度的简单 PowerShell 脚本的博客。它将输出文件的长度和路径，并可选择将其写入控制台。它不限于显示仅超过特定长度的文件（易于修改），而是按长度降序显示它们，因此查看哪些路径超过阈值仍然非常容易。这里是：
$pathToScan = "C:\Some Folder" # The path to scan and the the lengths for (sub-directories will be scanned as well).
$outputFilePath = "C:\temp\PathLengths.txt" # This must be a file in a directory that exists and does not require admin rights to write to.
$writeToConsoleAsWell = $true # Writing to the console will be much slower.
# Open a new file stream (nice and fast) and write all the paths and their lengths to it.
$outputFileDirectory = Split-Path $outputFilePath -Parent
if (!(Test-Path $outputFileDirectory)) { New-Item $outputFileDirectory -ItemType Directory }
$stream = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($outputFilePath, $false)
Get-ChildItem -Path $pathToScan -Recurse -Force | Select-Object -Property FullName, @{Name="FullNameLength";Expression={($_.FullName.Length)}} | Sort-Object -Property FullNameLength -Descending | ForEach-Object {
$filePath = $_.FullName
$length = $_.FullNameLength
$string = "$length : $filePath"
# Write to the Console.
if ($writeToConsoleAsWell) { Write-Host $string }
#Write to the file.
$stream.WriteLine($string)
}
$stream.Close()
回答by Chungalin
As a refinement of simplest solution, and if you can't or don't want to install Powershell, just run:
作为最简单解决方案的改进，如果您不能或不想安装 Powershell，只需运行：
dir /s /b | sort /r /+261 > out.txt
or (faster):
或（更快）：
dir /s /b | sort /r /+261 /o out.txt
And lines longer than 260 will get to the top of listing. Note that you must add 1 to SORT column parameter (/+n).
长度超过 260 的行将到达列表顶部。请注意，您必须将 1 添加到 SORT 列参数 (/+n)。
回答by Rani Kheir
I've made an alternative to the other good answers on here that uses PowerShell, but mine also saves the list to a file. Will share it here in case anyone else needs wants something like that.
我已经替代了此处使用 PowerShell 的其他好答案，但我的也将列表保存到文件中。将在这里分享，以防其他人需要类似的东西。
Warning:Code overwrites "longfilepath.txt" in the current working directory. I know it's unlikely you'd have one already, but just in case!
警告：代码覆盖当前工作目录中的“longfilepath.txt”。我知道您不太可能已经拥有一个，但以防万一！
Purposely wanted it in a single line:
特意将它放在一行中：
Out-File longfilepath.txt ; cmd /c "dir /b /s /a" | ForEach-Object { if ($_.length -gt 250) {$_ | Out-File -append longfilepath.txt}}
Detailed instructions:
详细说明：
- Run PowerShell
- Traverse to the directory you want to check for filepath lengths (C: works)
- Copy and paste the code [Right click to paste in PowerShell, or Alt + Space > E > P]
- Wait until it's done and then view the file:
cat longfilepath.txt | sort
- 运行 PowerShell
- 遍历到要检查文件路径长度的目录（C:works）
- 复制并粘贴代码 [右键单击以在 PowerShell 中粘贴，或 Alt + Space > E > P]
- 等到它完成，然后查看文件：
cat longfilepath.txt | sort
Explanation:
解释：
Out-File longfilepath.txt ;– Create (or overwrite) a blank file titled 'longfilepath.txt'. Semi-colon to separate commands.
Out-File longfilepath.txt ;– 创建（或覆盖）一个名为“longfilepath.txt”的空白文件。分号分隔命令。
cmd /c "dir /b /s /a" |– Run dir command on PowerShell, /ato show all files including hidden files. |to pipe.
cmd /c "dir /b /s /a" |– 在 PowerShell 上运行 dir 命令，/a以显示包括隐藏文件在内的所有文件。|管。
ForEach-Object { if ($_.length -gt 250) {$_ | Out-File -append longfilepath.txt}}– For each line (denoted as $_), if the length is greater than 250, append that line to the file.
ForEach-Object { if ($_.length -gt 250) {$_ | Out-File -append longfilepath.txt}}– 对于每一行（表示为 $_），如果长度大于 250，则将该行附加到文件中。
回答by pollaris
TLPD ("too long path directory") is the program that saved me. Very easy to use:
TLPD（“太长的路径目录”）是拯救我的程序。非常容易使用：
回答by Jonno
From http://www.powershellmagazine.com/2012/07/24/jaap-brassers-favorite-powershell-tips-and-tricks/:
从http://www.powershellmagazine.com/2012/07/24/jaap-brassers-favorite-powershell-tips-and-tricks/：
Get-ChildItem –Force –Recurse –ErrorAction SilentlyContinue –ErrorVariable AccessDenied
the first part just iterates through this and sub-folders; using -ErrorVariable AccessDeniedmeans push the offending items into the powershell variable AccessDenied.
第一部分只是遍历这个文件夹和子文件夹；using-ErrorVariable AccessDenied意味着将有问题的项目推送到 powershell 变量中AccessDenied。
You can then scan through the variable like so
然后您可以像这样扫描变量
$AccessDenied |
Where-Object { $_.Exception -match "must be less than 260 characters" } |
ForEach-Object { $_.TargetObject }
If you don't care about these files (may be applicable in some cases), simply drop the -ErrorVariable AccessDeniedpart.
如果您不关心这些文件（在某些情况下可能适用），只需删除该-ErrorVariable AccessDenied部分即可。
回答by SeanC
you can redirect stderr.
你可以重定向标准错误。
more explanation here, but having a command like:
更多解释here，但有一个命令，如：
MyCommand >log.txt 2>errors.txt
should grab the data you are looking for.
应该抓取您正在寻找的数据。
Also, as a trick, Windows bypasses that limitation if the path is prefixed with \\?\(msdn)
此外，作为一个技巧，如果路径以\\?\( msdn)为前缀，Windows 会绕过该限制
Another trick if you have a root or destination that starts with a long path, perhaps SUBSTwill help:
如果您有一个以长路径开头的根或目的地，另一个技巧可能SUBST会有所帮助：
SUBST Q: "C:\Documents and Settings\MyLoginName\My Documents\MyStuffToBeCopied"
Xcopy Q:\ "d:\Where it needs to go" /s /e
SUBST Q: /D
回答by E235
For paths greater than 260:
you can use:
对于大于 260 的路径：
您可以使用：
Get-ChildItem | Where-Object {$_.FullName.Length -gt 260}
Example on 14 chars:
To view the paths lengths:
14 个字符的示例：
查看路径长度：
Get-ChildItem | Select-Object -Property FullName, @{Name="FullNameLength";Expression={($_.FullName.Length)}
Get paths greater than 14:
获取大于 14 的路径：
Get-ChildItem | Where-Object {$_.FullName.Length -gt 14}
Screenshot:
截屏：
For filenames greater than 10:
对于大于 10 的文件名：
Get-ChildItem | Where-Object {$_.PSChildName.Length -gt 10}
Screenshot:
截屏：
