如何在 Git 中检出一个文件的特定版本？
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How can I check out a particular version of one file in Git?
提问by n179911
How can I check out a particular version of one file in git?
如何在 git 中检出一个文件的特定版本？
I found this mail on the mailing list, which said:
$ git checkout HEAD~43 Makefile
$ git reset Makefile
But I don't understand how to find out 'HEAD~43', if I do a git log aFile, how can I find out which 'HEAD~43' I should use?
但我不明白如何找出'HEAD~43'，如果我做一个git log aFile，我怎么能找出我应该使用哪个'HEAD~43'？
And why do I need to run git resetfor that file? What does it do?
为什么我需要运行git reset该文件？它有什么作用？
回答by Fake Code Monkey Rashid
You know what commit (ie: the specific revision) the file belongs to? Then do:
您知道文件属于哪个提交（即：特定修订版）？然后做：
git checkout <commit> <file>
The other command:
另一个命令：
git checkout HEAD~N <file>
Is for when you want to get a version of the file from a range back (which I do for nostalgia).
用于当您想从某个范围内获取文件的版本时（我这样做是为了怀旧）。
回答by dhill
HEAD~43is just treeish, so you can use a hash or a tag. You have to separate treeish from the filename with --, otherwise it is treated as filename. For example.
HEAD~43只是树状，所以你可以使用散列或标签。您必须使用 将树状与文件名分开--，否则将其视为文件名。例如。
git checkout v0.45 -- filename
git checkout HEAD^ -- filename
git checkout 16bb1a4eeaa9 -- filename
回答by Jim Puls
HEAD~43refers to the commit (version) of the file. Instead of that, you can use the commit hash you get from doing git logon the file. If you just want the file, you don't need to run git reseton it; that's only necessary if you want to forward-port the file to the current HEAD.
HEAD~43指的是文件的提交（版本）。取而代之的是，您可以使用从git log文件中获得的提交哈希。如果您只需要该文件，则无需git reset在其上运行；仅当您要将文件转发到当前 HEAD 时才需要这样做。
