xcode g++ : 无法与主可执行文件链接
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g++ : can't link with a main executable file
提问by Souf
I'm developing an application using statistical attacks to crack wep keys.
我正在开发一个使用统计攻击来破解 wep 密钥的应用程序。
When I compile with my makefile (above) I get this error :
当我用我的 makefile（上面）编译时，我收到这个错误：
ld: can't link with a main executable file 'execStatAttack' for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation) make: *[statAttack] Error 1
ld：无法与架构 x86_64 的主可执行文件“execStatAttack”链接
clang：错误：链接器命令失败，退出代码 1（使用 -v 查看调用） make：*[statAttack] 错误 1
My project contain those files :
我的项目包含这些文件：
statAttack.cpp : contain the main function, uses files above
rc4.h + rc4.cpp : with those function
statAttack.cpp : 包含主要功能，使用上面的文件
rc4.h + rc4.cpp ：具有这些功能
#include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h #include <vector #ifndef RC4 #define RC4 using namespace std int* rc4(int); int random_byte(); vector<int> cipher_mess_seq (long, int); #endif
#include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h #include <vector #ifndef RC4 #define RC4 using namespace std int* rc4(int); int random_byte(); vector<int> cipher_mess_seq (long, int); #endif
- bias.h + bias.cpp :
- 偏差.h + 偏差.cpp :
#include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <utility> #include <fstream> #include <vector> #include <string> #ifndef BIAIS #define BIAIS using namespace std; typedef pair<int,double> IntegerDoublePair; vector<IntegerDoublePair> get_bias (string, int); int compareTo (double, double); vector<IntegerDoublePair> get_all_biases(string); #endif
#include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <utility> #include <fstream> #include <vector> #include <string> #ifndef BIAIS #define BIAIS using namespace std; typedef pair<int,double> IntegerDoublePair; vector<IntegerDoublePair> get_bias (string, int); int compareTo (double, double); vector<IntegerDoublePair> get_all_biases(string); #endif
- and the makefile :
- 和生成文件：
CC = g++ CFLAGS = -Wall -g LDFLAGS = -lm EXEC_NAME_NAIVE = execNaiveAttack EXEC_NAME_STATALGO = execStatAttack OBJ_FILES_NAIVE = naiveAttack.o biais.o rc4.o OBJ_FILES_STATALGO = statAttack.o biais.o rc4.o naiveAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) statAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) : $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(CC) $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) : $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) $(CC) $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) %.o : %.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ -c $< clean : rm -f $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) mrproper: clean rm -rf $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO)
CC = g++ CFLAGS = -Wall -g LDFLAGS = -lm EXEC_NAME_NAIVE = execNaiveAttack EXEC_NAME_STATALGO = execStatAttack OBJ_FILES_NAIVE = naiveAttack.o biais.o rc4.o OBJ_FILES_STATALGO = statAttack.o biais.o rc4.o naiveAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) statAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) : $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(CC) $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) : $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) $(CC) $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) $(LDFLAGS) -o $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO) %.o : %.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ -c $< clean : rm -f $(OBJ_FILES_NAIVE) $(OBJ_FILES_STATALGO) mrproper: clean rm -rf $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO)
this is my configuration (terminal) :
这是我的配置（终端）：
==> g++ --version
Configured with: --prefix=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.2.1
Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0
Thread model: posix
==> g++ --version
配置为：--prefix=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.2.1
Apple LLVM 5.1 版 (clang-503.0.40)（基于 LLVM 3.4svn）
目标：x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0
线程模型：posix
So i would like your help, to find out why this error appeared.
所以我想得到你的帮助，找出这个错误出现的原因。
Thanks.
谢谢。
回答by Tim Sylvester
This error usually means you're missing a -cwhen compiling a simple program, something like this:
这个错误通常意味着你-c在编译一个简单的程序时遗漏了一个，像这样：
%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^
Program: main.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^
What's happening is that the first rule is building main.ojust like you asked, but instead of being an object file, it's actually the complete, compiled and linked program.
发生的事情是第一条规则main.o就像你问的那样构建，但它不是一个目标文件，它实际上是完整的、编译的和链接的程序。
When the second rule tries to use it as an object file, the linker finds that it's not an object file at all and produces "can't link with a main executable file."
当第二条规则试图将它用作目标文件时，链接器发现它根本不是目标文件，并产生“无法与主可执行文件链接”。
Obviously for a more complex program, one with multiple object files or with library dependencies, it would not be able to build an executable from just the one source file, so you'll get a different error and never get as far as the link rule.
显然，对于一个更复杂的程序，一个有多个目标文件或依赖库的程序，它不能只从一个源文件构建一个可执行文件，所以你会得到一个不同的错误，永远不会达到链接规则.
The solution, of course, is to add -cto the first rule so that the first invocation only compiles and does not link, producing an actual object file.
当然，解决方案是添加-c到第一条规则，以便第一次调用只编译而不链接，生成实际的目标文件。
%.o: %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $^
回答by u4370109
(Answered in the comments. See Question with no answers, but issue solved in the comments (or extended in chat))
（在评论中回答。请参阅没有答案的问题，但问题已在评论中解决（或在聊天中扩展））
@Paul R Wrote:
@Paul R 写道：
You have several typos in your source files, e.g.
#include <vectorandusing namespace std- you will need to fix these and any other similar mistakes to have a chance of compiling the code.
您的源文件中有几个拼写错误，例如
#include <vector和using namespace std- 您需要修复这些错误和任何其他类似错误，才有机会编译代码。
@Etan Reisner wrote:
@Etan Reisner 写道：
You should also probably stick to spelling
biasbiasinstead of also usingbiaisin some places.
您也应该坚持拼写
biasbias而不是biais在某些地方使用。
The OP wrote:
OP写道：
I finally found the error, it was in my makefile, those lines:
naiveAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) statAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO)because the executable was already generated, and another compilation was done after, so it generates this error, for more informations I can provide the new makefile, for those who have this type of error.
我终于找到了错误，它在我的 makefile 中，这些行：
naiveAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_NAIVE) statAttack : $(EXEC_NAME_STATALGO)因为可执行文件已经生成，之后又进行了另一次编译，所以它生成了这个错误，有关更多信息，我可以提供新的 makefile，对于那些有这个的人错误类型。
