Python 如何在一个带有美丽汤的div中选择一类div？
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How to select a class of div inside of a div with beautiful soup?
提问by parap
I have a bunch of div tags within div tags:
我在 div 标签中有一堆 div 标签：
<div class="foo">
<div class="bar">I want this</div>
<div class="unwanted">Not this</div>
</div>
<div class="bar">Don't want this either
</div>
So I'm using python and beautiful soup to separate stuff out. I need all the "bar" class only when it is wrapped inside of a "foo" class div. Here's my code
所以我使用蟒蛇和美丽的汤来分离东西。仅当它包含在“foo”类 div 中时，我才需要所有“bar”类。这是我的代码
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(open(r'C:\test.htm'))
tag = soup.div
for each_div in soup.findAll('div',{'class':'foo'}):
print(tag["bar"]).encode("utf-8")
Alternately, I tried:
或者，我尝试过：
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(open(r'C:\test.htm'))
for each_div in soup.findAll('div',{'class':'foo'}):
print(each_div.findAll('div',{'class':'bar'})).encode("utf-8")
What am I doing wrong? I would be just as happy with just a simple print(each_div) if I could remove the div class "unwanted" from the selection.
我究竟做错了什么？如果我可以从选择中删除“不需要”的 div 类，我会对一个简单的 print(each_div) 感到满意。
采纳答案by Birei
You can use find_all()to search every <div>elements with fooas attribute and for each one of them use find()for those with baras attribute, like:
您可以使用find_all()到每一个搜索<div>的元素foo的属性，并为他们每个人使用find()的那些bar作为属性，如：
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import sys
soup = BeautifulSoup(open(sys.argv[1], 'r'), 'html')
for foo in soup.find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'foo'}):
bar = foo.find('div', attrs={'class': 'bar'})
print(bar.text)
Run it like:
像这样运行它：
python3 script.py htmlfile
That yields:
这产生：
I want this
UPDATE: Assuming there could exists several <div>elements with barattribute, previous script won't work. It will only find the first one. But you could get their descendants and iterate them, like:
更新：假设可能存在多个<div>具有bar属性的元素，则先前的脚本将不起作用。它只会找到第一个。但是您可以获取它们的后代并对其进行迭代，例如：
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import sys
soup = BeautifulSoup(open(sys.argv[1], 'r'), 'html')
for foo in soup.find_all('div', attrs={'class': 'foo'}):
foo_descendants = foo.descendants
for d in foo_descendants:
if d.name == 'div' and d.get('class', '') == ['bar']:
print(d.text)
With an input like:
输入如下：
<div class="foo">
<div class="bar">I want this</div>
<div class="unwanted">Not this</div>
<div class="bar">Also want this</div>
</div>
It will yield:
它将产生：
I want this
Also want this
