如何使用 Bash 抑制命令的所有输出?

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时间:2020-09-09 18:00:00  来源:igfitidea点击:

How can I suppress all output from a command using Bash?

bashshellscriptingecho

提问by 6bytes

I have a Bash script that runs a program with parameters. That program outputs some status (doing this, doing that...). There isn't any option for this program to be quiet. How can I prevent the script from displaying anything?

我有一个运行带有参数的程序的 Bash 脚本。该程序输出一些状态(做这个,做那个......)。这个程序没有任何选择可以安静。如何防止脚本显示任何内容?

I am looking for something like Windows' "echo off".

我正在寻找类似 Windows 的"echo off" 的东西

回答by andynormancx

The following sends standard output to the null device (bit bucket).

下面将标准输出发送到空设备(位桶)。

scriptname >/dev/null

and if you also want error messages to be sent there, use one of (the first may not work in all shells):

如果您还希望在那里发送错误消息,请使用其中一个(第一个可能不适用于所有 shell):

scriptname &>/dev/null
scriptname >/dev/null 2>&1
scriptname >/dev/null 2>/dev/null

and, if you want to record the messages but not see them, replace /dev/nullwith an actual file, such as:

并且,如果您想记录消息但看不到它们,请替换/dev/null为实际文件,例如:

scriptname &>scriptname.out

For completeness, under Windows cmd.exe (where "nul" is the equivalent of "/dev/null"), it is :

为了完整起见,在 Windows cmd.exe(其中“nul”相当于“/dev/null”)下,它是:

scriptname >nul 2>nul

回答by Diego Sevilla

Something like

就像是

script > /dev/null 2>&1

This will prevent standard output anderror output, redirecting them both to /dev/null.

这将阻止标准输出错误输出,将它们都重定向到/dev/null.

回答by V0idSt4r

Try

尝试

: $(yourcommand)

:is short for "do nothing".

:是“什么都不做”的缩写。

$()is just your command.

$()只是你的命令。

回答by semente

An alternative that may fit in some situations is to assign the result of a command to a variable:

在某些情况下可能适合的替代方法是将命令的结果分配给变量:

$ DUMMY=$( grep root /etc/passwd 2>&1 )
$ echo $?
0
$ DUMMY=$( grep r00t /etc/passwd 2>&1 )
$ echo $?
1

Since Bash and other POSIX commandline interpreters does not consider variable assignments as a command, the present command's return code is respected.

由于 Bash 和其他 POSIX 命令行解释器不将变量赋值视为命令,因此会考虑当前命令的返回码。

Note:assignement with the typesetor declarekeyword is considered as a command, so the evaluated return code in case is the assignement itself and not the command executed in the sub-shell:

注意:使用typesetordeclare关键字的赋值被视为命令,因此评估的返回码是赋值本身,而不是在子 shell 中执行的命令:

$ declare DUMMY=$( grep r00t /etc/passwd 2>&1 )
$ echo $?
0

回答by Lucas Gabriel Sánchez

Like andynormancx post use this: (if you're working in an Unix environment)

像 andynormancx 帖子一样使用这个:(如果你在 Unix 环境中工作)

scriptname > /dev/null

or you can use this: (if you're working in a Windows environment)

或者您可以使用它:(如果您在 Windows 环境中工作)

scriptname > nul

回答by ivanleoncz

Take a look at this example from The Linux Documentation Project:

The Linux Documentation Project看看这个例子:

3.6 Sample: stderr and stdout 2 file

This will place every output of a program to a file. This is suitable sometimes for cron entries, if you want a command to pass in absolute silence.

     rm -f $(find / -name core) &> /dev/null 

3.6 示例:stderr 和 stdout 2 文件

这会将程序的每个输出放置到一个文件中。这有时适用于 cron 条目,如果您希望命令在绝对静音中传递。

     rm -f $(find / -name core) &> /dev/null 

That said, you can use this simple redirection:

也就是说,您可以使用这个简单的重定向:

/path/to/command &>/dev/null

回答by Rohan Dsouza

In your script you can add the following to the lines that you know are going to give an output:

在您的脚本中,您可以将以下内容添加到您知道将提供输出的行中:

some_code 2>>/dev/null

Or else you can also try

或者你也可以试试

some_code >>/dev/null