如何在 GNU/Linux 上设置 Subversion (SVN) 服务器 - Ubuntu
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How to set up a Subversion (SVN) server on GNU/Linux - Ubuntu
提问by Grundlefleck
I have a laptop running Ubuntu that I would like to act as a Subversion server. Both for myself to commit to locally, and for others remotely. What are the steps required to get this working? Please include steps to:
我有一台运行 Ubuntu 的笔记本电脑，我想将其用作 Subversion 服务器。既让我自己在本地承诺，也让其他人远程承诺。使这个工作需要哪些步骤？请包括以下步骤：
- Get and configure Apache, and necessary modules (I know there are other ways to create a SVN server, but I would like it Apache-specific)
- Configure a secure way of accessing the server (SSH/HTTPS)
- Configure a set of authorised users (as in, they must authorised to commit, but are free to browse)
- Validate the setup with an initial commit (a "Hello world" of sorts)
- 获取和配置 Apache 以及必要的模块（我知道还有其他方法可以创建 SVN 服务器，但我希望它是特定于 Apache 的）
- 配置访问服务器的安全方式 (SSH/HTTPS)
- 配置一组授权用户（例如，他们必须授权才能提交，但可以自由浏览）
- 使用初始提交验证设置（各种“Hello world”）
These steps can involve any mixture of command line or GUI application instructions. If you can, please note where instructions are specific to a particular distribution or version, and where a users' choice of a particular tool can be used instead (say, nanoinstead of vi).
这些步骤可能涉及命令行或 GUI 应用程序指令的任何混合。如果可以，请注意特定发行版或版本的特定说明，以及可以使用用户选择的特定工具的地方（例如，用nano代替vi）。
采纳答案by Grundlefleck
Steps I've taken to make my laptop a Subversion server. Credit must go to AlephZarrofor his directions here. I now have a working SVN server (which has currently only been tested locally).
我为使我的笔记本电脑成为 Subversion 服务器而采取的步骤。信用必须去AlephZarro对他的指示在这里。我现在有一个可以工作的 SVN 服务器（目前仅在本地进行了测试）。
Specific setup: Kubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron
具体设置：Kubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron
Requirements to follow this guide:
遵循本指南的要求：
- apt-get package manager program
- text editor (I use kate)
- sudo access rights
- apt-get 包管理器程序
- 文本编辑器（我使用 kate）
- 须藤访问权限
1: Install Apache HTTP server and required modules:
1：安装Apache HTTP服务器和所需模块：
sudo apt-get install libapache2-svn apache2
The following extra packages will be installed:
将安装以下额外的软件包：
apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-common
2: Enable SSL
2：启用 SSL
sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo kate /etc/apache2/ports.conf
Add or check that the following is in the file:
添加或检查文件中是否包含以下内容：
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
Listen 443
</IfModule>
3: Generate an SSL certificate:
3：生成SSL证书：
sudo apt-get install ssl-cert
sudo mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl
sudo /usr/sbin/make-ssl-cert /usr/share/ssl-cert/ssleay.cnf /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem
4: Create virtual host
4：创建虚拟主机
sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/default /etc/apache2/sites-available/svnserver
sudo kate /etc/apache2/sites-available/svnserver
Change (in ports.conf):
更改（在ports.conf 中）：
"NameVirtualHost *" to "NameVirtualHost *:443"
and (in svnserver)
和（在 svnserver 中）
<VirtualHost *> to <VirtualHost *:443>
Add, under ServerAdmin (also in file svnserver):
添加，在 ServerAdmin 下（也在文件 svnserver 中）：
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem
SSLProtocol all
SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM
5: Enable the site:
5：启用站点：
sudo a2ensite svnserver
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
To overcome warnings:
要克服警告：
sudo kate /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
Add:
添加：
"ServerName $your_server_name"
6: Adding repository(ies): The following setup assumes we want to host multiple repositories. Run this for creating the first repository:
6：添加存储库（IES）：以下设置假设我们要托管多个存储库。运行此命令以创建第一个存储库：
sudo mkdir /var/svn
REPOS=myFirstRepo
sudo svnadmin create /var/svn/$REPOS
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/svn/$REPOS
sudo chmod -R g+ws /var/svn/$REPOS
6.a. For more repositories: do step 6 again (changing the value of REPOS), skipping the step mkdir /var/svn
6.a. 对于更多存储库：再次执行第 6 步（更改 REPOS 的值），跳过该步骤mkdir /var/svn
7: Add an authenticated user
7：添加认证用户
sudo htpasswd -c -m /etc/apache2/dav_svn.passwd $user_name
8: Enable and configure WebDAV and SVN:
8：启用和配置WebDAV和SVN：
sudo kate /etc/apache2/mods-available/dav_svn.conf
Add or uncomment:
添加或取消注释：
<Location /svn>
DAV svn
# for multiple repositories - see comments in file
SVNParentPath /var/svn
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Subversion Repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/dav_svn.passwd
Require valid-user
SSLRequireSSL
</Location>
9: Restart apache server:
9：重启apache服务器：
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
10: Validation:
10：验证：
Fired up a browser:
启动浏览器：
http://localhost/svn/$REPOS
https://localhost/svn/$REPOS
Both required a username and password. I think uncommenting:
两者都需要用户名和密码。我认为取消注释：
<LimitExcept GET PROPFIND OPTIONS REPORT>
</LimitExcept>
in /etc/apache2/mods-available/dav_svn.conf, would allow anonymous browsing.
在/etc/apache2/mods-available/dav_svn.conf，将允许匿名浏览。
The browser shows "Revision 0: /"
浏览器显示“修订版 0：/”
Commit something:
提交一些东西：
svn import --username $user_name anyfile.txt https://localhost/svn/$REPOS/anyfile.txt -m “Testing”
Accept the certificate and enter password. Check out what you've just committed:
接受证书并输入密码。查看您刚刚提交的内容：
svn co --username $user_name https://localhost/svn/$REPOS
Following these steps (assuming I haven't made any error copy/pasting), I had a working SVN repository on my laptop.
按照这些步骤（假设我没有进行任何错误复制/粘贴），我的笔记本电脑上有一个可用的 SVN 存储库。
回答by UnkwnTech
For Apache:
对于阿帕奇：
sudo apt-get -yq install apache2
For SSH:
对于 SSH：
sudo apt-get -yq install openssh-server
For Subversion:
对于颠覆：
sudo apt-get -yq install subversion subversion-tools
If you'd like you can combine these into one command like:
如果您愿意，可以将这些组合成一个命令，例如：
sudo apt-get -yq install apache2 openssh-server subversion subversion-tools
I can't help with the rest...
其余的我无能为力...
回答by Kibbee
This articleseems to give a pretty good rundown of the entire process. I would recommend following the instructions, and then posting some more specific questions about any problems you encouter which aren't addressed in the articles I and other people have linked to in these responses.
这篇文章似乎很好地概括了整个过程。我建议您按照说明进行操作，然后针对您遇到的任何问题发布一些更具体的问题，这些问题在我和其他人在这些回复中链接的文章中没有解决。
回答by PuO2
If you get 403 forbidden when you hit the webserver it may be because you used a hostname that is not what you specified in your config file (ie localhost or 127.0.0.1). Try hitting https://whateveryousetasyourhostnameinstead...
如果您在访问网络服务器时收到 403 禁止，这可能是因为您使用的主机名不是您在配置文件中指定的（即 localhost 或 127.0.0.1）。尝试点击https://whateveryousetasyourhostname代替...
回答by Thierry Marianne
Afterwards, I needed to execute (within the context of the example quoted above)
之后，我需要执行（在上面引用的示例的上下文中）
$ sudo chmod g+w /var/svn/$REPOS/db/rep-cache.db
$ sudo chmod g+w /var/svn/$REPOS/db/rep-cache.db
$ sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/svn/$REPOS/db/rep-cache.db
$ sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/svn/$REPOS/db/rep-cache.db
Otherwise I kept receiving a 409 error when committing local modifications (though the commitments were server side effective, I needed to follow up with local updates)
否则，我在提交本地修改时一直收到 409 错误（尽管承诺在服务器端有效，但我需要跟进本地更新）
回答by Ashish Saini
Please write a single command on the terminal.
请在终端上写一个命令。
To open the terminal please press Ctrl+ Alt+ T, and then type this command:
要打开终端，请按Ctrl+ Alt+ T，然后输入以下命令：
$sudo apt-get install subversion
