git 全局匹配中 ** 和 * 之间的区别（.gitignore）
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Difference between ** and * in glob matching (.gitignore)
提问by Emil Ivanov
I have the following directory structure and files.
我有以下目录结构和文件。
pw-spec/
|-- event_spec.coffee
|-- event_spec.js
|-- integration
| `-- service
| |-- auth_spec.coffee
| |-- auth_spec.js
| |-- chat_spec.coffee
| |-- chat_spec.js
| |-- transport_spec.coffee
| `-- transport_spec.js
|-- message_spec.coffee
|-- message_spec.js
|-- pw_spec.coffee
|-- pw_spec.js
|-- run.coffee
|-- run.html
|-- run.js
|-- service
| |-- auth_spec.coffee
| |-- auth_spec.js
| |-- chat_spec.coffee
| |-- chat_spec.js
| |-- stream_spec.coffee
| `-- stream_spec.js
|-- spec.coffee
|-- spec.js
`-- stub
|-- stream.coffee
|-- stream.js
|-- transport.coffee
`-- transport.js
4 directories, 27 files
I would like to ignore all *.jsfiles anywhere within pw-specdirectory.
我想忽略*.js目录中任何位置的所有文件pw-spec。
However, adding the following patterns to .gitignoredoesn't cut it:
但是，添加以下模式.gitignore并不能削减它：
pw-spec/*.js
pw-spec/**/*.js
The problem is that the second one only matches js files that are exactly 1 level
deep within the tree, while I want to match all js files under pw-spec.
问题是第二个只匹配树中深度为 1 级的 js 文件，而我想匹配pw-spec.
Doing
正在做
ls pw-spec/**/*.js
produces [1]:
产生 [1]：
pw-spec/service/auth_spec.js
pw-spec/service/chat_spec.js
pw-spec/service/stream_spec.js
pw-spec/stub/stream.js
pw-spec/stub/transport.js
As you can see
如你看到的
pw-spec/integration/service/auth_spec.js
pw-spec/integration/service/chat_spec.js
pw-spec/integration/service/transport_spec.js
are missing from [1].
[1] 中缺失。
采纳答案by Mischa Arefiev
The difference is that **doesn't work, at least not for everyone. See
不同之处在于**这行不通，至少对每个人都行不通。看
Why doesn't gitignore work in this case?
You can have a separate .gitignorein pw-spec/
你可以有一个单独.gitignore的pw-spec/
回答by Ben Martin
There are two approaches for this type of situation, depending on your needs.
对于这种情况，有两种方法，具体取决于您的需要。
One solution is to put
一种解决方案是把
# generated files
*.js
in pw-spec/.gitignore.
在 pw-spec/.gitignore 中。
The second solution is to put:
第二种解决方案是：
/pw-spec/*.js
/pw-spec/*/*.js
/pw-spec/*/*/*.js
and so forth in the main .gitignore file.This approach is brittle if more sub-directories are added.
在主 .gitignore 文件中等等。如果添加更多子目录，这种方法很脆弱。
I generally prefer to put the .gitignore file at the same level as the Makefile which generates the files that I am ignoring.
我通常更喜欢将 .gitignore 文件与生成我忽略的文件的 Makefile 放在同一级别。
回答by fge
Create a .gitignorein pw-specin which you insert these two lines:
创建一个.gitignore在pw-spec其中插入这两行的文件：
*.js
*/*.js
Also note that if you already have files tracked in this subdirectory which you want "untracked", you have to make them unknown to the index as such:
另请注意，如果您已经在此子目录中跟踪了要“取消跟踪”的文件，则必须使它们不为索引所知：
git rm --cached path/to/file
For instance, if in directory pw-specyou can do:
例如，如果在目录中，pw-spec您可以执行以下操作：
find -type f -name "*.js" | xargs git rm --cached
