Linux 如何找出文件的 MIME 类型（Content-Type）？
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How can I find out a file's MIME type (Content-Type)?
提问by Mint
Is there a way to find out the MIME type (or is it called "Content-Type"?) of a file in a Linux bash script?
有没有办法在 Linux bash 脚本中找出文件的 MIME 类型（或者称为“内容类型”？）？
The reason I need it is because ImageShack appears to need it to upload a file, as for some reason it detects the .png file as an application/octet-streamfile.
我需要它的原因是 ImageShack 似乎需要它来上传文件，因为出于某种原因它将 .png 文件检测为application/octet-stream文件。
I've checked the file, and it really is a PNG image:
我检查了文件，它确实是一个 PNG 图像：
$ cat /1.png
?PNG
(with a heap load of random characters)
This gives me the error:
这给了我错误：
$ curl -F "fileupload=@/1.png" http://www.imageshack.us/upload_api.php
<links>
<error id="wrong_file_type">Wrong file type detected for file 1.png:application/octet-stream</error>
</links>
This works, but I need to specify a MIME-TYPE.
这有效，但我需要指定一个 MIME-TYPE。
$ curl -F "fileupload=@/1.png;type=image/png" http://www.imageshack.us/upload_api.php
采纳答案by bhups
Use file. Examples:
使用file. 例子：
> file --mime-type image.png
image.png: image/png
> file -b --mime-type image.png
image/png
> file -i FILE_NAME
image.png: image/png; charset=binary
回答by ghostdog74
one of the other tool (besides file) you can use is xdg-mime
您可以使用的其他工具（除了文件）之一是 xdg-mime
eg xdg-mime query filetype <file>
例如 xdg-mime query filetype <file>
if you have yum,
如果你有百胜，
yum install xdg-utils.noarch
yum install xdg-utils.noarch
An example comparison of xdg-mime and file on a Subrip(subtitles) file
一个 Subrip(subtitles) 文件上 xdg-mime 和文件的比较示例
$ xdg-mime query filetype subtitles.srt
application/x-subrip
$ file --mime-type subtitles.srt
subtitles.srt: text/plain
in the above file only show it as plain text.
在上面的文件中只显示为纯文本。
回答by codaddict
Try the filecommand with -ioption.
尝试file带有-i选项的命令。
-ioption Causes the file command to output mime type strings rather than the more traditional human readable ones. Thus it may say text/plain; charset=us-asciirather than ASCII text.
-ioption 使 file 命令输出 mime 类型的字符串，而不是更传统的人类可读的字符串。因此它可以说text/plain; charset=us-ascii而不是ASCII text。
回答by fanchyna
file --mime works, but not --mime-type. at least for my RHEL 5.
file --mime 有效，但 --mime-type 无效。至少对于我的 RHEL 5。
回答by Andrey
file version < 5 :file -i -b /path/to/file
file version >=5 :file --mime-type -b /path/to/file
文件版本 < 5 :file -i -b /path/to/file
文件版本 >=5 :file --mime-type -b /path/to/file
