C语言 如何在 C 预处理器中的 #define 中使用 #if?
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How to use #if inside #define in the C preprocessor?
提问by Wxy
I want to write a macro that spits out code based on the boolean value of its parameter. So say DEF_CONST(true)should be expanded into const, and DEF_CONST(false)should be expanded into nothing.
我想编写一个宏,根据其参数的布尔值输出代码。所以 sayDEF_CONST(true)应该扩展为const,并且DEF_CONST(false)应该扩展为空。
Clearly the following doesn't work because we can't use another preprocessor inside #defines:
显然,以下内容不起作用,因为我们不能在 #defines 中使用另一个预处理器:
#define DEF_CONST(b_const) \
#if (b_const) \
const \
#endif
回答by vladr
You can simulate conditionals using macro token concatenationas follows:
您可以使用宏标记连接来模拟条件,如下所示:
#define DEF_CONST(b_const) DEF_CONST_##b_const
#define DEF_CONST_true const
#define DEF_CONST_false
Then,
然后,
/* OK */
DEF_CONST(true) int x; /* expands to const int x */
DEF_CONST(false) int y; /* expands to int y */
/* NOT OK */
bool bSomeBool = true; // technically not C :)
DEF_CONST(bSomeBool) int z; /* error: preprocessor does not know the value
of bSomeBool */
Also, allowing for passing macro parameters to DEF_CONST itself (as correctly pointed out by GMan and others):
此外,允许将宏参数传递给 DEF_CONST 本身(正如 GMan 和其他人正确指出的那样):
#define DEF_CONST2(b_const) DEF_CONST_##b_const
#define DEF_CONST(b_const) DEF_CONST2(b_const)
#define DEF_CONST_true const
#define DEF_CONST_false
#define b true
#define c false
/* OK */
DEF_CONST(b) int x; /* expands to const int x */
DEF_CONST(c) int y; /* expands to int y */
DEF_CONST(true) int z; /* expands to const int z */
You may also consider the much simpler (though potentially less flexible):
您还可以考虑更简单的(虽然可能不太灵活):
#if b_const
# define DEF_CONST const
#else /*b_const*/
# define DEF_CONST
#endif /*b_const*/
回答by GrahamS
Doing it as a paramterised macro is a bit odd.
把它作为一个参数化的宏来做有点奇怪。
Why not just do something like this:
为什么不做这样的事情:
#ifdef USE_CONST
#define MYCONST const
#else
#define MYCONST
#endif
Then you can write code like this:
然后你可以写这样的代码:
MYCONST int x = 1;
MYCONST char* foo = "bar";
and if you compile with USE_CONSTdefined (e.g. typically something -DUSE_CONSTin the makefile or compiler options) then it will use the consts, otherwise it won't.
并且如果您使用已USE_CONST定义的(例如通常-DUSE_CONST在makefile 或编译器选项中的某些内容)进行编译,那么它将使用const,否则不会。
Edit:Actually I see Vlad covered that option at the end of his answer, so +1 for him :)
编辑:实际上我看到弗拉德在他的回答结束时提到了那个选项,所以为他 +1 :)

