带有正则表达式的 Linux cp
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Linux cp with a regexp
提问by Johy
I would like to copy some files in a directory, renaming the files but conserving extension. Is this possible with a simple cp, using regex ?
我想复制目录中的一些文件，重命名文件但保留扩展名。cp使用正则表达式可以做到这一点吗？
For example :
例如 ：
cp ^myfile\.(.*) mydir/newname.
So I could copy the file conserving the extension but renaming it. Is there a way to get matched elements in the cpregex to use it in the command ?
If not, I'll do a perl script I think, or if you have another way...
所以我可以复制保存扩展名但重命名的文件。有没有办法在cp正则表达式中获取匹配的元素以在命令中使用它？如果没有，我会做一个我认为的 perl 脚本，或者如果你有另一种方式......
Thanks
谢谢
采纳答案by Kerrek SB
Suppose you have myfile.a, myfile.b, myfile.c:
假设你有myfile.a, myfile.b, myfile.c：
for i in myfile.*; do echo mv "$i" "${i/myfile./newname.}"; done
This creates (upon removal of echo) newname.a, newname.b, newname.c.
这将创建（删除echo）newname.a、newname.b、newname.c。
回答by hmakholm left over Monica
The shell doesn't understand general regexes; you'll have to outsource to auxiliary programs for that. The classical scripty way to solve your task would be something like
shell 不理解一般的正则表达式；您必须为此外包给辅助程序。解决您的任务的经典脚本方法类似于
for a in myfile.* ; do
b=`echo $a | sed 's!^myfile!mydir/newname!'`
cp $a $b
done
Or have a perl script generate a list of commands that you then source into the shell.
或者让 perl 脚本生成一个命令列表，然后将这些命令输入到 shell 中。
回答by Jeff Ward
I really like the regex syntax of the renameperl script (by Robin Barker and Larry Wall), e.g.:
我真的很喜欢renameperl 脚本的正则表达式语法（由 Robin Barker 和 Larry Wall 编写），例如：
rename "s/OldFile/NewFile/" OldFile*
OldFile.candOldFile.hare renamed toNewFile.candNewFile.h, respectively
rename "s/OldFile/NewFile/" OldFile*
OldFile.c和OldFile.h重命名为NewFile.c和NewFile.h分别，
I simply wanted the exact same thing with a copy command:
我只是想要一个复制命令完全相同的东西：
copy "s/OldFile/NewFile/" OldFile*
copy "s/OldFile/NewFile/" OldFile*
So I duplicated that script and changed the rename statement to copy via File::Copy. Et voila! A copy command with perl-regex syntax:
因此，我复制了该脚本并将重命名语句更改为通过File::Copy. 等等！带有 perl-regex 语法的复制命令：
https://gist.github.com/jcward/0ead33bd79f2061c68728cc82582241f
https://gist.github.com/jcward/0ead33bd79f2061c68728cc82582241f
