ruby 如何从Ruby中的字符串中删除特定字符？
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How to delete specific characters from a string in Ruby?
提问by Cristiano
I have several strings that look like this:
我有几个看起来像这样的字符串：
"((String1))"
They are all different lengths. How could I remove the parentheses from all these strings in a loop?
它们都是不同的长度。如何从循环中的所有这些字符串中删除括号？
回答by Arup Rakshit
回答by jbr
If you just want to remove the first two characters and the last two, then you can use negative indexeson the string:
如果您只想删除前两个字符和后两个字符，则可以在字符串上使用负索引：
s = "((String1))"
s = s[2...-2]
p s # => "String1"
If you want to remove all parentheses from the string you can use the deletemethod on the string class:
如果要从字符串中删除所有括号，可以在字符串类上使用delete方法：
s = "((String1))"
s.delete! '()'
p s # => "String1"
回答by falsetru
Using String#gsubwith regular expression:
String#gsub与正则表达式一起使用：
"((String1))".gsub(/^\(+|\)+$/, '')
# => "String1"
"(((((( parentheses )))".gsub(/^\(+|\)+$/, '')
# => " parentheses "
This will remove surrounding parentheses only.
这将仅删除周围的括号。
"(((((( This (is) string )))".gsub(/^\(+|\)+$/, '')
# => " This (is) string "
回答by daino3
For those coming across this and looking for performance, it looks like #deleteand #trare about the same in speed and 2-4x faster than gsub.
对于那些遇到此问题并寻求性能的人来说，它的速度看起来#delete和#tr几乎相同，并且比gsub.
text = "Here is a string with / some forwa/rd slashes"
tr = Benchmark.measure { 10000.times { text.tr('/', '') } }
# tr.total => 0.01
delete = Benchmark.measure { 10000.times { text.delete('/') } }
# delete.total => 0.01
gsub = Benchmark.measure { 10000.times { text.gsub('/', '') } }
# gsub.total => 0.02 - 0.04
回答by zee
Here is an even shorter way of achieving this:
这是实现这一目标的更短的方法：
1) using Negative character class pattern matching
1) 使用 Negative character class pattern matching
irb(main)> "((String1))"[/[^()]+/]
=> "String1"
^- Matches anything NOT in the character class. Inside the charachter class, we have (and )
^- 匹配任何不在字符类中的东西。在字符类中，我们有(和)
Or with global substitution "AKA: gsub" like others have mentioned.
或者像其他人提到的那样使用全局替换“AKA：gsub”。
irb(main)> "((String1))".gsub(/[)(]/, '')
=> "String1"
