database DBMS 和 RDBMS 有什么区别？

What is the difference between DBMS and RDBMS?

提问by haccks

After reading some answers on different websites I am confused now. So, it would be helpful to mention the key difference between DBMS and RDBMS and any relation between them.

在阅读了不同网站上的一些答案后，我现在很困惑。因此，提及 DBMS 和 RDBMS 之间的主要区别以及它们之间的任何关系会很有帮助。

回答by haccks

_{Since this question become popular on Stack Overflow, I am posting an answer which answers this question for me. I found this answer on udemy website. Hope this will help future users and newbies searching for a good answer on this topic.}

_{由于这个问题在 Stack Overflow 上很流行，我发布了一个答案来为我回答这个问题。我在udemy 网站上找到了这个答案。希望这将有助于未来的用户和新手在这个主题上寻找一个好的答案。}

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Key Difference between DBMS and RDBMS:

DBMS 和 RDBMS 之间的主要区别：

The key difference is that RDBMS (relational database management system) applications store data in a tabular form, while DBMS applications store data as files.

关键区别在于 RDBMS（关系数据库管理系统）应用程序以表格形式存储数据，而 DBMS 应用程序将数据存储为文件。

Does that mean there are no tables in a DBMS?

这是否意味着 DBMS 中没有表？

There can be, but there will be no “relation” between the tables, like in a RDBMS. In DBMS, data is generally stored in either a hierarchical form or a navigational form. This means that a single data unit will have one parent node and zero, one or more children nodes. It may even be stored in a graph form, which can be seen in the network model.

可以有，但表之间不会有“关系”，就像在 RDBMS 中一样。在 DBMS 中，数据通常以分层形式或导航形式存储。这意味着单个数据单元将具有一个父节点和零个、一个或多个子节点。它甚至可能以图形形式存储，可以在网络模型中看到。

In a RDBMS, the tables will have an identifier called primary key. Data values will be stored in the form of tables. The relationships between these data values will be stored in the form of a table as well. Every value stored in the relational database is accessible. This value can be updated by the system. The data in this system is also physically and logically independent.

在 RDBMS 中，表将有一个称为主键的标识符。数据值将以表格的形式存储。这些数据值之间的关系也将以表格的形式存储。存储在关系数据库中的每个值都可以访问。该值可由系统更新。该系统中的数据在物理和逻辑上也是独立的。

You can say that a RDBMS is an extension of a DBMS, even if there are many differences between the two. Most software products in the market today are both DBMS and RDBMS compliant. Essentially, they can maintain databases in a (relational) tabular form as well as a file form, or both. This means that today a RDBMS application is a DBMS application, and vice versa. However, there are still major differences between a relational database system for storing data and a plain database system.

您可以说 RDBMS 是 DBMS 的扩展，即使两者之间存在许多差异。当今市场上的大多数软件产品都符合 DBMS 和 RDBMS。本质上，他们可以以（关系）表格形式和文件形式维护数据库，或两者兼而有之。这意味着今天的 RDBMS 应用程序是 DBMS 应用程序，反之亦然。但是，用于存储数据的关系数据库系统与普通数据库系统之间仍然存在重大差异。

回答by proskor

Every RDBMS is a DBMS, but the opposite is not true: RDBMS is a DBMS which is based on the relational model, but not every DBMS must be relational.

每个 RDBMS 都是 DBMS，但反之则不然：RDBMS 是基于关系模型的DBMS，但并非每个 DBMS 都必须是关系模型。

However, since RDBMS are most common, sometimes the term DBMS is used to denote a DBMS which is NOT relational. It depends on the context.

然而，由于 RDBMS 是最常见的，有时术语 DBMS 用于表示非关系的 DBMS。这取决于上下文。

回答by Qazi Ahmad

DBMS : Data Base Management System ..... for storage of data and efficient retrieval of data. Eg: Foxpro

DBMS : 数据库管理系统..... 用于存储数据和有效检索数据。例如：Foxpro

1)A DBMS has to be persistent (it should be accessible when the program created the data donot exist or even the application that created the data restarted).

1）DBMS 必须是持久的（当创建数据的程序不存在或什至创建数据的应用程序重新启动时，它应该是可访问的）。

2) DBMS has to provide some uniform methods independent of a specific application for accessing the information that is stored.

2) DBMS 必须提供一些独立于特定应用程序的统一方法来访问存储的信息。

3)DBMS does not impose any constraints or security with regard to data manipulation. It is user or the programmer responsibility to ensure the ACID PROPERTY of the database

3)DBMS 不对数据操作施加任何限制或安全性。用户或程序员有责任确保数据库的酸属性

4)In DBMS Normalization process will not be present

4) 在 DBMS 规范化过程中将不存在

5)In dbms no relationship concept

5）在dbms中没有关系概念

6)It supports Single User only

6）它只支持单用户

7)It treats Data as Files internally

7）它在内部将数据视为文件

8)It supports 3 rules of E.F.CODD out off 12 rules

8)支持EFCODD的3条规则，12条规则

9)It requires low Software and Hardware Requirements.

9）它对软件和硬件要求低。

FoxPro, IMS are Examples

FoxPro、IMS 都是例子

RDBMS: Relational Data Base Management System

RDBMS：关系数据库管理系统

.....the database which is used by relations(tables) to acquire information retrieval Eg: oracle, SQL..,

.....关系（表）用于获取信息检索的数据库，例如：oracle、SQL..、

1)RDBMS is based on relational model, in which data is represented in the form of relations, with enforced relationships between the tables.

1）RDBMS基于关系模型，其中数据以关系的形式表示，表之间具有强制关系。

2)RDBMS defines the integrity constraint for the purpose of holding ACID PROPERTY.

2)RDBMS 定义了完整性约束，目的是为了保持 ACID PROPERTY。

3)In RDBMS, normalization process will be present to check the database table cosistency

3)在RDBMS中，会出现规范化过程来检查数据库表的一致性

4)RDBMS helps in recovery of the database in case of loss of data

4）RDBMS有助于在数据丢失的情况下恢复数据库

5)It is used to establish the relationship concept between two database objects, i.e, tables

5)用于建立两个数据库对象即表之间的关系概念

6)It supports multiple users

6）支持多用户

7)It treats data as Tables internally

7）它在内部将数据视为表格

8)It supports minimum 6 rules of E.F.CODD

8)支持EFCODD最少6条规则

9)It requires High software and hardware

9）对软硬件要求高

回答by Ravindra babu

From Wikipedia,

来自维基百科，

A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose DBMS is designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases.

数据库管理系统 (DBMS) 是一种计算机软件应用程序，它与用户、其他应用程序和数据库本身交互以捕获和分析数据。通用 DBMS 旨在允许定义、创建、查询、更新和管理数据库。

There are different types of DBMS products: relational, network and hierarchical. The most widely commonly used type of DBMS today is the Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

有不同类型的 DBMS 产品：relational, network and hierarchical. 当今最广泛使用的 DBMS 类型是关系数据库管理系统 ( RDBMS)

DBMS:

数据库管理系统：

• A DBMS is a storage area that persist the data in files.
• There are limitations to store records in a single database file.
• DBMS allows the relations to be established between 2 files.
• Data is stored in flat files with metadata.
• DBMS does not support client / server architecture.
• DBMS does not follow normalization. Only single user can access the data.
• DBMS does not impose integrity constraints.
• ACID properties of database must be implemented by the user or the developer

• DBMS 是将数据保存在文件中的存储区域。
• 将记录存储在单个数据库文件中是有限制的。
• DBMS 允许在 2 个文件之间建立关系。
• 数据存储在带有元数据的平面文件中。
• DBMS 不支持客户端/服务器架构。
• DBMS 不遵循规范化。只有单个用户可以访问数据。
• DBMS 不强加完整性约束。
• 数据库的 ACID 属性必须由用户或开发者实现

RDBMS:

关系数据库：

• RDBMS stores the data in tabular form.
• It has additional condition for supporting tabular structure or data that enforces relationships among tables.
• RDBMS supports client/server architecture.
• RDBMS follows normalization.
• RDBMS allows simultaneous access of users to data tables.
• RDBMS imposes integrity constraints.
• ACID properties of the database are defined in the integrity constraints.

• RDBMS 以表格形式存储数据。
• 它具有支持表格结构或强制表格之间关系的数据的附加条件。
• RDBMS 支持客户端/服务器架构。
• RDBMS 遵循规范化。
• RDBMS 允许用户同时访问数据表。
• RDBMS 强加了完整性约束。
• 数据库的 ACID 属性在完整性约束中定义。

Have a look at this articlefor more details.

看看这篇文章了解更多详情。

回答by Namitha Thiya

DBMS is the software program that is used to manage all the database that are stored on the network or system hard disk. whereas RDBMS is the database system in which the relationship among different tables are maintained.

DBMS是用于管理存储在网络或系统硬盘上的所有数据库的软件程序。而RDBMS是维护不同表之间关系的数据库系统。

回答by Namitha Thiya

A DBMS is used for storage of data in files. In DBMS relationships can be established between two files. Data is stored in flat files with metadata whereas RDBMS stores the data in tabular form with additional condition of data that enforces relationships among the tables. Unlike RDBMS, DBMS does not support client server architecture. RDBMS imposes integrity constraints and also follows normalization which is not supported in DBMS.

DBMS 用于在文件中存储数据。在 DBMS 中，可以在两个文件之间建立关系。数据存储在带有元数据的平面文件中，而 RDBMS 以表格形式存储数据，并带有附加的数据条件，以加强表之间的关系。与 RDBMS 不同，DBMS 不支持客户端服务器架构。RDBMS 强加了完整性约束，并遵循 DBMS 不支持的规范化。

回答by Manoj Pandey

DBMS:is a software system that allows Defining, Creation, Querying, Update, and Administration of data stored in data files.

DBMS：是一个软件系统，允许定义、创建、查询、更新和管理存储在数据文件中的数据。

Features:

特征：

• Normal book keeping system, Flat files, MS Excel, FoxPRO, XML, etc.
• Less or No provision for: Constraints, Security, ACID rules, users, etc.

• 普通簿记系统、平面文件、MS Excel、FoxPRO、XML 等。
• 较少或没有规定：约束、安全、ACID 规则、用户等。

RDBMS:is a DBMS that is based on Relational model that stores data in tabular form.

RDBMS：是一种基于关系模型的 DBMS，以表格形式存储数据。

• SQL Server, Sybase, Oracle, MySQL, IBM DB2, MS Access, etc.

• SQL Server、Sybase、Oracle、MySQL、IBM DB2、MS Access 等。

Features:

特征：

• Database, with Tables having relations maintained by FK
• DDL, DML
• Data Integrity & ACID rules
• Multiple User Access
• Backup & Restore
• Database Administration

• 数据库，表的关系由 FK 维护
• 数据线、数据线
• 数据完整性和 ACID 规则
• 多用户访问
• 备份和恢复
• 数据库管理

回答by user3393360

DBMS stands for "Database Management Systems" it includes all Databases. RDBMS are a special Type of DMBS . R in RDBMS implies that the database uses the Relational model. a collection of related tables in the relational model makes up a database.DBMS is used for simple and small application while RDBMS is used for applications with a huge database.DBMS are for smaller organizations where security is not concerned(i.e. DBMS does not impose any constraints) while RDBMS is quitely opposite( RDBMS define the integrity constraint for the purpose of holding ACID PROPERTY).

DBMS 代表“数据库管理系统”，它包括所有数据库。RDBMS 是一种特殊的 DMBS 类型。RDBMS 中的 R 意味着数据库使用关系模型。关系模型中相关表的集合组成了一个数据库。DBMS 用于简单和小型应用程序，而 RDBMS 用于具有庞大数据库的应用程序。DBMS 适用于不关心安全性的小型组织（即 DBMS 不强加任何约束）而 RDBMS 正好相反（RDBMS 定义完整性约束以保持 ACID 属性）。

回答by DarthVader

There are other database systems, such as document stores, key value stores, columnar stores, object oriented databases. These are databases too but they are not based on relations (relational theory) ie they are not relational database systems.

还有其他数据库系统，例如文档存储、键值存储、列式存储、面向对象的数据库。这些也是数据库，但它们不是基于关系（关系理论），即它们不是关系数据库系统。

So there are lot of differences. Database management system is the name for all databases.

所以有很多不同。数据库管理系统是所有数据库的名称。