PHP 多字节 str_replace？
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PHP Multi Byte str_replace?
提问by Ian
I'm trying to do accented character replacement in PHP but get funky results, my guess being because i'm using a UTF-8 string and str_replace can't properly handle multi-byte strings..
我正在尝试在 PHP 中进行重音字符替换，但得到的结果很奇怪，我猜是因为我使用的是 UTF-8 字符串，而 str_replace 无法正确处理多字节字符串..
$accents_search = array('á','à','a','?','a','?','?','á','à','?','?','?','é','è',
'ê','?','é','è','ê','?','í','ì','?','?','í','ì','?','?','?','ò','ó','?','?','o','?',
'?','ó','ò','?','?','ú','ù','?','ú','ù','?','?','?','?','?');
$accents_replace = array('a','a','a','a','a','a','a','A','A','A','A','A','e','e',
'e','e','E','E','E','E','i','i','i','i','I','I','I','I','oe','o','o','o','o','o','o',
'O','O','O','O','O','u','u','u','U','U','U','c','C','N','n');
$str = str_replace($accents_search, $accents_replace, $str);
Results I get:
我得到的结果：
?rjan Nilsen -> ?orjan Nilsen
Expected Result:
预期结果：
?rjan Nilsen -> Orjan Nilsen
Edit: I've got my internal character handler set to UTF-8 (according to mb_internal_encoding()), also the value of $str is UTF-8, so from what I can tell, all the strings involved are UTF-8. Does str_replace() detect char sets and use them properly?
编辑：我的内部字符处理程序设置为 UTF-8（根据 mb_internal_encoding()），$str 的值也是 UTF-8，所以据我所知，所有涉及的字符串都是 UTF-8。str_replace() 是否检测字符集并正确使用它们？
采纳答案by phsiao
Looks like the string was not replaced because your input encoding and the file encoding mismatch.
看起来字符串没有被替换，因为您的输入编码和文件编码不匹配。
回答by dav
According to php documentation str_replacefunction is binary-safe, which means that it can handle UTF-8encoded text without any data loss.
根据 php 文档str_replace函数是二进制安全的，这意味着它可以处理UTF-8编码文本而不会丢失任何数据。
回答by mermshaus
It's possible to remove diacritics using Unicode normalization form D(NFD) and Unicode character properties.
可以使用Unicode 规范化形式 D(NFD) 和 Unicode 字符属性删除变音符号。
NFD converts something like the "ü" umlaut from "LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS" (which is a letter) to "LATIN SMALL LETTER U" (letter) and "COMBINING DIAERESIS" (not a letter).
NFD 将“ü”变音从“LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS”（这是一个字母）转换为“LATIN SMALL LETTER U”（字母）和“COMBINING DIAERESIS”（不是字母）。
header('Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8');
$test = implode('', array('á','à','a','?','a','?','?','á','à','?','?','?','é','è',
'ê','?','é','è','ê','?','í','ì','?','?','í','ì','?','?','?','ò','ó','?','?','o','?',
'?','ó','ò','?','?','ú','ù','?','ú','ù','?','?','?','?','?'));
$test = Normalizer::normalize($test, Normalizer::FORM_D);
// Remove everything that's not a "letter" or a space (e.g. diacritics)
// (see http://de2.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php)
$pattern = '/[^\pL ]/u';
echo preg_replace($pattern, '', $test);
Output:
输出：
aaaaaaaAAAAAeeeeEEEEiiiiIIII?ooooo??OOOOuuuUUUcCNn
The Normalizer class is part of the PECL intl package. (The algorithm itself isn't very complicated but needs to load a lot of character mappings afaik. I wrote a PHP implementationa while ago.)
Normalizer 类是PECL intl 包的一部分。（算法本身不是很复杂，但需要加载很多字符映射afaik。我前段时间写了一个PHP实现。）
(I'm adding this two months late because I think it's a nice technique that's not known widely enough.)
（我推迟了两个月才添加这个，因为我认为这是一个很好的技术，但还不够广为人知。）
回答by Gumbo
Try this function definition:
试试这个函数定义：
if (!function_exists('mb_str_replace')) {
function mb_str_replace($search, $replace, $subject) {
if (is_array($subject)) {
foreach ($subject as $key => $val) {
$subject[$key] = mb_str_replace((string)$search, $replace, $subject[$key]);
}
return $subject;
}
$pattern = '/(?:'.implode('|', array_map(create_function('$match', 'return preg_quote($match[0], "/");'), (array)$search)).')/u';
if (is_array($search)) {
if (is_array($replace)) {
$len = min(count($search), count($replace));
$table = array_combine(array_slice($search, 0, $len), array_slice($replace, 0, $len));
$f = create_function('$match', '$table = '.var_export($table, true).'; return array_key_exists($match[0], $table) ? $table[$match[0]] : $match[0];');
$subject = preg_replace_callback($pattern, $f, $subject);
return $subject;
}
}
$subject = preg_replace($pattern, (string)$replace, $subject);
return $subject;
}
}
