Python Pandas 索引列标题或名称
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Pandas index column title or name
提问by Radical Edward
How do I get the index column name in python pandas? Here's an example dataframe:
如何在 python pandas 中获取索引列名？这是一个示例数据框：
Column 1
Index Title
Apples 1
Oranges 2
Puppies 3
Ducks 4
What I'm trying to do is get/set the dataframe index title. Here is what i tried:
我想要做的是获取/设置数据帧索引标题。这是我尝试过的：
import pandas as pd
data = {'Column 1' : [1., 2., 3., 4.],
'Index Title' : ["Apples", "Oranges", "Puppies", "Ducks"]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
df.index = df["Index Title"]
del df["Index Title"]
print df
Anyone know how to do this?
有人知道怎么做吗？
采纳答案by Jeff
You can just get/set the index via its nameproperty
您可以通过其name属性获取/设置索引
In [7]: df.index.name
Out[7]: 'Index Title'
In [8]: df.index.name = 'foo'
In [9]: df.index.name
Out[9]: 'foo'
In [10]: df
Out[10]:
Column 1
foo
Apples 1
Oranges 2
Puppies 3
Ducks 4
回答by lazy1
df.index.nameshould do the trick.
df.index.name应该做的伎俩。
Python has a dirfunction that let's you query object attributes. dir(df.index)was helpful here.
Python 有一个dir函数可以让你查询对象属性。dir(df.index)在这里很有帮助。
回答by Keith
If you do not want to create a new row but simply put it in the empty cell then use:
如果您不想创建新行而只是将其放在空单元格中，请使用：
df.columns.name = 'foo'
Otherwise use:
否则使用：
df.index.name = 'foo'
回答by pvarma
df.columns.valuesalso give us the column names
df.columns.values还给我们列名
回答by jezrael
You can use rename_axis, for removing set to None:
您可以使用rename_axis, 删除设置为None：
d = {'Index Title': ['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Puppies', 'Ducks'],'Column 1': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0]}
df = pd.DataFrame(d).set_index('Index Title')
print (df)
Column 1
Index Title
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
print (df.index.name)
Index Title
print (df.columns.name)
None
The new functionality works well in method chains.
新功能在方法链中运行良好。
df = df.rename_axis('foo')
print (df)
Column 1
foo
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
You can also rename column names with parameter axis:
您还可以使用参数重命名列名axis：
d = {'Index Title': ['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Puppies', 'Ducks'],'Column 1': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0]}
df = pd.DataFrame(d).set_index('Index Title').rename_axis('Col Name', axis=1)
print (df)
Col Name Column 1
Index Title
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
print (df.index.name)
Index Title
print (df.columns.name)
Col Name
print df.rename_axis('foo').rename_axis("bar", axis="columns")
bar Column 1
foo
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
print df.rename_axis('foo').rename_axis("bar", axis=1)
bar Column 1
foo
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
From version pandas 0.24.0+is possible use parameter indexand columns:
从版本pandas 0.24.0+是可能的使用参数index和columns：
df = df.rename_axis(index='foo', columns="bar")
print (df)
bar Column 1
foo
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
Removing index and columns names means set it to None:
删除索引和列名称意味着将其设置为None：
df = df.rename_axis(index=None, columns=None)
print (df)
Column 1
Apples 1.0
Oranges 2.0
Puppies 3.0
Ducks 4.0
If MultiIndexin index only:
如果MultiIndex仅在索引中：
mux = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Puppies', 'Ducks'],
list('abcd')],
names=['index name 1','index name 1'])
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(10, size=(4,6)),
index=mux,
columns=list('ABCDEF')).rename_axis('col name', axis=1)
print (df)
col name A B C D E F
index name 1 index name 1
Apples a 5 4 0 5 2 2
Oranges b 5 8 2 5 9 9
Puppies c 7 6 0 7 8 3
Ducks d 6 5 0 1 6 0
print (df.index.name)
None
print (df.columns.name)
col name
print (df.index.names)
['index name 1', 'index name 1']
print (df.columns.names)
['col name']
df1 = df.rename_axis(('foo','bar'))
print (df1)
col name A B C D E F
foo bar
Apples a 5 4 0 5 2 2
Oranges b 5 8 2 5 9 9
Puppies c 7 6 0 7 8 3
Ducks d 6 5 0 1 6 0
df2 = df.rename_axis('baz', axis=1)
print (df2)
baz A B C D E F
index name 1 index name 1
Apples a 5 4 0 5 2 2
Oranges b 5 8 2 5 9 9
Puppies c 7 6 0 7 8 3
Ducks d 6 5 0 1 6 0
df2 = df.rename_axis(index=('foo','bar'), columns='baz')
print (df2)
baz A B C D E F
foo bar
Apples a 5 4 0 5 2 2
Oranges b 5 8 2 5 9 9
Puppies c 7 6 0 7 8 3
Ducks d 6 5 0 1 6 0
Removing index and columns names means set it to None:
删除索引和列名称意味着将其设置为None：
df2 = df.rename_axis(index=(None,None), columns=None)
print (df2)
A B C D E F
Apples a 6 9 9 5 4 6
Oranges b 2 6 7 4 3 5
Puppies c 6 3 6 3 5 1
Ducks d 4 9 1 3 0 5
For MultiIndexin index and columns is necessary working with .namesinstead .nameand set by list or tuples:
对于MultiIndexin 索引和列是必要的，.names而不是.name使用列表或元组设置：
mux1 = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Puppies', 'Ducks'],
list('abcd')],
names=['index name 1','index name 1'])
mux2 = pd.MultiIndex.from_product([list('ABC'),
list('XY')],
names=['col name 1','col name 2'])
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(10, size=(4,6)), index=mux1, columns=mux2)
print (df)
col name 1 A B C
col name 2 X Y X Y X Y
index name 1 index name 1
Apples a 2 9 4 7 0 3
Oranges b 9 0 6 0 9 4
Puppies c 2 4 6 1 4 4
Ducks d 6 6 7 1 2 8
Plural is necessary for check/set values:
检查/设置值需要复数：
print (df.index.name)
None
print (df.columns.name)
None
print (df.index.names)
['index name 1', 'index name 1']
print (df.columns.names)
['col name 1', 'col name 2']
df1 = df.rename_axis(('foo','bar'))
print (df1)
col name 1 A B C
col name 2 X Y X Y X Y
foo bar
Apples a 2 9 4 7 0 3
Oranges b 9 0 6 0 9 4
Puppies c 2 4 6 1 4 4
Ducks d 6 6 7 1 2 8
df2 = df.rename_axis(('baz','bak'), axis=1)
print (df2)
baz A B C
bak X Y X Y X Y
index name 1 index name 1
Apples a 2 9 4 7 0 3
Oranges b 9 0 6 0 9 4
Puppies c 2 4 6 1 4 4
Ducks d 6 6 7 1 2 8
df2 = df.rename_axis(index=('foo','bar'), columns=('baz','bak'))
print (df2)
baz A B C
bak X Y X Y X Y
foo bar
Apples a 2 9 4 7 0 3
Oranges b 9 0 6 0 9 4
Puppies c 2 4 6 1 4 4
Ducks d 6 6 7 1 2 8
Removing index and columns names means set it to None:
删除索引和列名称意味着将其设置为None：
df2 = df.rename_axis(index=(None,None), columns=(None,None))
print (df2)
A B C
X Y X Y X Y
Apples a 2 0 2 5 2 0
Oranges b 1 7 5 5 4 8
Puppies c 2 4 6 3 6 5
Ducks d 9 6 3 9 7 0
And @Jeff solution:
和@Jeff 解决方案：
df.index.names = ['foo','bar']
df.columns.names = ['baz','bak']
print (df)
baz A B C
bak X Y X Y X Y
foo bar
Apples a 3 4 7 3 3 3
Oranges b 1 2 5 8 1 0
Puppies c 9 6 3 9 6 3
Ducks d 3 2 1 0 1 0
回答by phil
Use df.index.rename('foo', inplace=True)to set the index name.
使用df.index.rename('foo', inplace=True)来设置索引名。
Seems this api is available since pandas 0.13.
似乎这个 api 从pandas 0.13 开始可用。
回答by The Unfun Cat
The solution for multi-indexes is inside jezrael's cyclopedic answer, but it took me a while to find it so I am posting a new answer:
多索引的解决方案在 jezrael 的百科全书答案中，但我花了一段时间才找到它，所以我发布了一个新答案：
df.index.namesgives the names of a multi-index (as a Frozenlist).
df.index.names给出多索引的名称（作为 Frozenlist）。
回答by totalhack
To just get the index column names df.index.nameswill work for both a single Index or MultiIndex as of the most recent version of pandas.
从df.index.names最新版本的熊猫开始，仅获取索引列名称将适用于单个索引或多索引。
As someone who found this while trying to find the best way to get a list of index names + column names, I would have found this answer useful:
作为在尝试找到获取索引名称+列名称列表的最佳方法时发现此问题的人，我会发现此答案很有用：
names = list(filter(None, df.index.names + df.columns.values.tolist()))
This works for no index, single column Index, or MultiIndex. It avoids calling reset_index() which has an unnecessary performance hit for such a simple operation. I'm surprised there isn't a built in method for this (that I've come across). I guess I run into needing this more often because I'm shuttling data from databases where the dataframe index maps to a primary/unique key, but is really just another column to me.
这适用于无索引、单列索引或多索引。它避免了调用 reset_index() ，因为这样一个简单的操作会对性能造成不必要的影响。我很惊讶没有内置的方法（我遇到过）。我想我更经常需要这个，因为我正在从数据库中穿梭数据，其中数据帧索引映射到主/唯一键，但对我来说实际上只是另一列。
回答by dusiod
Setting the index name can also be accomplished at creation:
设置索引名称也可以在创建时完成：
pd.DataFrame(data={'age': [10,20,30], 'height': [100, 170, 175]}, index=pd.Series(['a', 'b', 'c'], name='Tag'))
