wpf 为什么 Windows 7 无法加载程序集 PresentationFramework.Aero2？

Why can't Windows 7 load the assembly PresentationFramework.Aero2?

提问by Robert

I recently finished my first WPF application I have been developing using Windows 8. It has worked fine on my machine. A friend of mine ran it in visual studio on his Windows 8 machine as well, and that worked. I install the program using click once on my machine, and it installs fine and runs.

我最近完成了我使用 Windows 8 开发的第一个 WPF 应用程序。它在我的机器上运行良好。我的一个朋友也在他的 Windows 8 机器上的 Visual Studio 中运行了它，并且奏效了。我在我的机器上单击一次安装程序，它安装正常并运行。

I installed Windows 7 on virtual box and attempted to install it using the click once. It fetched .NET 4.5 and SQL Server Compact, the install process seemed flawless. When Windows 7 tried to run the application, nothing useful happened. I installed Visual Studio in virtualbox and was able to get this stack trace.

我在虚拟机上安装了 Windows 7 并尝试使用一次单击来安装它。它获取了 .NET 4.5 和 SQL Server Compact，安装过程似乎完美无缺。当 Windows 7 尝试运行该应用程序时，没有任何有用的发生。我在 virtualbox 中安装了 Visual Studio 并且能够获得这个堆栈跟踪。

I looked up the PresentationFramework.Aero2 on Google and came across 3 SO questions and one MSDN question. The MSDN question gave me a hint of what I think it might be. If I go to C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\4.0\WPF there is no PresentationFramework.Aero2.dll file, whereas on Windows 8 there is... so I copied and pasted it into the windows 7 equivalent place hoping to achieve something, but nothing came of it.

我在 Google 上查找了 PresentationFramework.Aero2 并遇到了 3 个 SO 问题和一个 MSDN 问题。MSDN 问题给了我一个我认为可能是什么的暗示。如果我去 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\4.0\WPF 没有 PresentationFramework.Aero2.dll 文件，而在 Windows 8 上有...所以我将它复制并粘贴到 Windows 7 等效位置，希望去实现某事，但一无所获。

Here is the Stack Trace:

这是堆栈跟踪：

System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException was unhandled
  HResult=-2146233087
  Message='Add value to collection of type 'System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection(System.Windows.Controls.DataGridColumn)' threw an exception.' Line number '35' and line position '71'.
  Source=PresentationFramework
  LineNumber=35
  LinePosition=71
  StackTrace:
       at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load(XamlReader xamlReader, IXamlObjectWriterFactory writerFactory, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlObjectWriterSettings settings, Uri baseUri)
       at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.LoadBaml(XamlReader xamlReader, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlAccessLevel accessLevel, Uri baseUri)
       at System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.LoadBaml(Stream stream, ParserContext parserContext, Object parent, Boolean closeStream)
       at System.Windows.Application.LoadBamlStreamWithSyncInfo(Stream stream, ParserContext pc)
       at System.Windows.Application.LoadComponent(Uri resourceLocator, Boolean bSkipJournaledProperties)
       at System.Windows.Application.DoStartup()
       at System.Windows.Application.<.ctor>b__1(Object unused)
       at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
       at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)
       at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeImpl()
       at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeInSecurityContext(Object state)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
       at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state)
       at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.Invoke()
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.ProcessQueue()
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WndProcHook(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
       at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
       at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o)
       at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
       at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.LegacyInvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
       at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.SubclassWndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
       at MS.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessage(MSG& msg)
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame)
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrame(DispatcherFrame frame)
       at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run()
       at System.Windows.Application.RunDispatcher(Object ignore)
       at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window)
       at System.Windows.Application.Run(Window window)
       at System.Windows.Application.Run()
       at PremierAutoDataExtractor.App.Main()
  InnerException: System.IO.FileNotFoundException
       HResult=-2147024894
       Message=Could not load file or assembly 'PresentationFramework.Aero2, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
       Source=mscorlib
       FileName=PresentationFramework.Aero2, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35
       FusionLog=WRN: Assembly binding logging is turned OFF.
To enable assembly bind failure logging, set the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD) to 1.
Note: There is some performance penalty associated with assembly bind failure logging.
To turn this feature off, remove the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog].

       StackTrace:
            at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks)
            at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks)
            at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(AssemblyName assemblyRef, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks)
            at System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(AssemblyName assemblyRef)
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006SchemaContext.ResolveAssembly(BamlAssembly bamlAssembly)
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006SchemaContext.ResolveBamlTypeToType(BamlType bamlType)
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006SchemaContext.ResolveBamlType(BamlType bamlType, Int16 typeId)
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006SchemaContext.GetXamlType(Int16 typeId)
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006Reader.Process_ElementStart()
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006Reader.Process_OneBamlRecord()
            at System.Windows.Baml2006.Baml2006Reader.ReadObject(KeyRecord record)
            at System.Windows.ResourceDictionary.CreateObject(KeyRecord key)
            at System.Windows.ResourceDictionary.OnGettingValue(Object key, Object& value, Boolean& canCache)
            at System.Windows.ResourceDictionary.OnGettingValuePrivate(Object key, Object& value, Boolean& canCache)
            at System.Windows.ResourceDictionary.GetValueWithoutLock(Object key, Boolean& canCache)
            at System.Windows.ResourceDictionary.GetValue(Object key, Boolean& canCache)
            at System.Windows.DeferredResourceReference.GetValue(BaseValueSourceInternal valueSource)
            at System.Windows.DeferredAppResourceReference.GetValue(BaseValueSourceInternal valueSource)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.GetEffectiveValue(EntryIndex entryIndex, DependencyProperty dp, RequestFlags requests)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.GetValueEntry(EntryIndex entryIndex, DependencyProperty dp, PropertyMetadata metadata, RequestFlags requests)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.GetValue(DependencyProperty dp)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridHelper.GetCoercedTransferPropertyValue(DependencyObject baseObject, Object baseValue, DependencyProperty baseProperty, DependencyObject parentObject, DependencyProperty parentProperty, DependencyObject grandParentObject, DependencyProperty grandParentProperty)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridColumn.OnCoerceHeaderStyle(DependencyObject d, Object baseValue)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.ProcessCoerceValue(DependencyProperty dp, PropertyMetadata metadata, EntryIndex& entryIndex, Int32& targetIndex, EffectiveValueEntry& newEntry, EffectiveValueEntry& oldEntry, Object& oldValue, Object baseValue, Object controlValue, CoerceValueCallback coerceValueCallback, Boolean coerceWithDeferredReference, Boolean coerceWithCurrentValue, Boolean skipBaseValueChecks)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.UpdateEffectiveValue(EntryIndex entryIndex, DependencyProperty dp, PropertyMetadata metadata, EffectiveValueEntry oldEntry, EffectiveValueEntry& newEntry, Boolean coerceWithDeferredReference, Boolean coerceWithCurrentValue, OperationType operationType)
            at System.Windows.DependencyObject.CoerceValue(DependencyProperty dp)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridHelper.TransferProperty(DependencyObject d, DependencyProperty p)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridColumn.SyncProperties()
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGrid.UpdateColumnSizeConstraints(IList list)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGrid.OnColumnsChanged(Object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
            at System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection`1.OnCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridColumnCollection.OnCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
            at System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection`1.InsertItem(Int32 index, T item)
            at System.Windows.Controls.DataGridColumnCollection.InsertItem(Int32 index, DataGridColumn item)
            at System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection`1.Add(T item)
            at System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection`1.System.Collections.IList.Add(Object value)
            at System.Xaml.Schema.XamlTypeInvoker.AddToCollection(Object instance, Object item)
            at MS.Internal.Xaml.Runtime.ClrObjectRuntime.Add(Object collection, XamlType collectionType, Object value, XamlType valueXamlType)
       InnerException: 

回答by Paul Vilevac

I ran into a similar issue. Context: Developing WPF app on Windows 8 using Visual Studio 2012, Blend for 2012, .NET 4.5. APP.XAML referenced the PresentationFramework.Aero2 for themes. Distributing App using ClickOnce.

我遇到了类似的问题。上下文：使用 Visual Studio 2012、Blend for 2012、.NET 4.5 在 Windows 8 上开发 WPF 应用程序。APP.XAML 引用了 PresentationFramework.Aero2 的主题。使用 ClickOnce 分发应用程序。

On Windows 8, no problems. On Windows XP/Vista/7, application would crash on part way into execution (on the first sub-page that referenced Aero2) with the aforementioned "Could not load assembly" exception recorded.

在 Windows 8 上，没有问题。在 Windows XP/Vista/7 上，应用程序会在执行时（在引用 Aero2 的第一个子页面上）崩溃，并记录上述“无法加载程序集”异常。

Attempted fixes: Flag Aero2 to copy local in project (did not help), attempted to include in ClickOnce Installer (did not appear in list of available assemblies), copied to WPF folder on target Windows7 machine under c:\windows\microsoft.net\framework\v4.xx\wpf (did not help).

尝试修复：标记 Aero2 以在项目中复制本地（没有帮助），尝试包含在 ClickOnce 安装程序中（未出现在可用程序集列表中），复制到目标 Windows7 机器上 c:\windows\microsoft.net 下的 WPF 文件夹\framework\v4.xx\wpf（没有帮助）。

Resolution:

解析度：

Replace reference in project from PresentationFramework.Aero2 to PresentationFramework.Aero and then modified XAML references to match. Could readily push to non-Windows 8 machines and have it run. Development works properly. Only difference found was the default appearance of progress bars was glossy / 3d.

将项目中的引用从 PresentationFramework.Aero2 替换为 PresentationFramework.Aero，然后修改 XAML 引用以匹配。可以很容易地推送到非 Windows 8 机器并让它运行。开发工作正常。唯一的区别是进度条的默认外观是有光泽的/3d。

回答by mbihler

On a developer machine there are two versions of the presentation framework assemblies. Visual Studio references the "metadata only" version. When you deploy the assembly of the C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\WPF folder it should work (see Problem with assembly PresentationFramework.Aero2)

在开发人员机器上有两个版本的表示框架程序集。Visual Studio 引用了“仅元数据”版本。当您部署 C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\WPF 文件夹的程序集时，它应该可以工作（请参阅程序集 PresentationFramework.Aero2 问题）