在列表中找到匹配项的最干净方法

时间:2020-03-05 18:42:19  来源:igfitidea点击:

在列表中查找内容的最佳方法是什么?我知道LINQ有一些不错的技巧,但让我们也获得有关C2.0的建议。让我们为此通用代码模式获得最佳重构。

目前,我使用这样的代码:

// mObjList is a List<MyObject>
MyObject match = null;
foreach (MyObject mo in mObjList)
{
    if (Criteria(mo))
    {
        match = mo;
        break;
    }
}

或者

// mObjList is a List<MyObject>
bool foundIt = false;
foreach (MyObject mo in mObjList)
{
    if (Criteria(mo))
    {
        foundIt = true;
        break;
    }
}

解决方案

回答

将代码放入方法中,可以保存一个临时代码和一个" break"(回收代码,作为奖励):

T Find<T>(IEnumerable<T> items, Predicate<T> p) {
    foreach (T item in items)
        if (p(item))
            return item;

    return null;
}

但是当然,即使在.NET 2.0中,此方法对于List仍然已经存在。

回答

@ Konrad: So how do you use it? Let's say I want to match mo.ID to magicNumber.

在C2.0中,我们将编写:

result = mObjList.Find(delegate(int x) { return x.ID == magicNumber; });

3.0知道lambda:

result = mObjList.Find(x => x.ID == magicNumber);

回答

使用Lambda表达式:

List<MyObject> list = new List<MyObject>();

// populate the list with objects..

return list.Find(o => o.Id == myCriteria);

回答

显然,匿名代表的表现受到很大影响。

测试代码:

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        for (int kk = 0; kk < 10; kk++)
        {
            List<int> tmp = new List<int>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
                tmp.Add(i);
            int sum = 0;
            long start = DateTime.Now.Ticks;
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
                sum += tmp.Find(delegate(int x) { return x == 3; });
            Console.WriteLine("Anonymous delegates: " + (DateTime.Now.Ticks - start));

            start = DateTime.Now.Ticks;
            sum = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
            {
                int match = 0;
                for (int j = 0; j < tmp.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (tmp[j] == 3)
                    {
                        match = tmp[j];
                        break;
                    }
                }
                sum += match;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Classic C++ Style: " + (DateTime.Now.Ticks - start));
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }

结果:

Anonymous delegates: 710000
Classic C++ Style: 340000

Anonymous delegates: 630000
Classic C++ Style: 320000

Anonymous delegates: 630000
Classic C++ Style: 330000

Anonymous delegates: 630000
Classic C++ Style: 320000

Anonymous delegates: 610000
Classic C++ Style: 340000

Anonymous delegates: 630000
Classic C++ Style: 330000

Anonymous delegates: 650000
Classic C++ Style: 330000

Anonymous delegates: 620000
Classic C++ Style: 330000

Anonymous delegates: 620000
Classic C++ Style: 340000

Anonymous delegates: 620000
Classic C++ Style: 400000

在每种情况下,使用匿名委托都比其他方式慢100%。