如何将传递给我的 bash 脚本的所有参数传递给我的函数？
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How to pass all arguments passed to my bash script to a function of mine?
提问by devoured elysium
Let's say I have defined a function abc()that will handle the logic related to analyzing the arguments passed to my script.
假设我已经定义了一个function abc()将处理与分析传递给我的脚本的参数相关的逻辑。
How can I pass all arguments my bash script has received to it? The number of params is variable, so I can't just hardcode the arguments passed like this:
如何将我的 bash 脚本收到的所有参数传递给它？参数的数量是可变的，所以我不能像这样对传递的参数进行硬编码：
abc
Edit. Better yet, is there any way for my function to have access to the script arguments' variables?
编辑。更好的是，我的函数有什么方法可以访问脚本参数的变量吗？
回答by Gordon Davisson
The $@variable expands to all command-line parameters separated by spaces. Here is an example.
该$@变量扩展为所有以空格分隔的命令行参数。这是一个例子。
abc "$@"
When using $@, you should (almost) always put it in double-quotes to avoid misparsing of arguments containing spaces or wildcards. This works for multiple arguments. "$*"will be passed as one long string.
使用 时$@，您应该（几乎）始终将其放在双引号中，以避免错误解析包含空格或通配符的参数。这适用于多个参数。 "$*"将作为一个长字符串传递。
It is also worth nothing that $0is not in $@.
还值得什么，$0是不是$@。
The Bash Reference Manual Special Parameters Sectionsays that $@expands to the positional parameters starting from one. When the expansion occurs within double quotes, each parameter expands to a separate word. That is "$@"is equivalent to "$1" "$2" "$3"....
该猛砸参考手册特殊参数章节说，$@扩展为从1开始的位置参数。当扩展发生在双引号内时，每个参数都扩展为一个单独的词。那"$@"相当于"$1" "$2" "$3"....
If you want to pass all but the firstarguments, you can first use shiftto "consume" the first argument and then pass $@to pass the remaining arguments to another command. In bash (but not in plain POSIX shells), you can do this without messing with the argument list using a variant of array slicing: "${@:3}"will get you the arguments starting with "$3". "${@:3:4}"will get you up to four arguments starting at "$3"(i.e. "$3" "$4" "$5" "$6"), if that many arguments were passed.
如果您想传递除第一个参数之外的所有参数，您可以先使用shiftto “consume”第一个参数，然后$@pass 将其余参数传递给另一个命令。在 bash 中（但不是在普通的 POSIX shell 中），您可以使用数组切片的变体在不弄乱参数列表的情况下执行此操作："${@:3}"将为您提供以"$3". 如果传递了那么多参数，"${@:3:4}"将从"$3"(ie "$3" "$4" "$5" "$6")开始最多为您提供四个参数。
回答by hajamie
I needed a variation on this, which I expect will be useful to others:
我需要对此进行修改，我希望这对其他人有用：
function diffs() {
diff "${@:3}" <(sort "") <(sort "")
}
The "${@:3}"part means all the members of the array starting at 3. So this function implements a sorted diff by passing the first two arguments to diff through sort and then passing all other arguments to diff, so you can call it similarly to diff:
该"${@:3}"部分表示从 3 开始的数组的所有成员。 因此，该函数通过将前两个参数通过 sort 传递给 diff 然后将所有其他参数传递给 diff 来实现已排序的 diff，因此您可以类似于 diff 调用它：
diffs file1 file2 [other diff args, e.g. -y]
回答by Mia Clarke
Use the $@variable, which expands to all command-line parameters separated by spaces.
使用$@变量，它扩展到所有以空格分隔的命令行参数。
abc "$@"
回答by Giuseppe Cardone
Here's a simple script:
这是一个简单的脚本：
#!/bin/bash
args=("$@")
echo Number of arguments: $#
echo 1st argument: ${args[0]}
echo 2nd argument: ${args[1]}
$#is the number of arguments received by the script. I find easier to access them using an array: the args=("$@")line puts all the arguments in the argsarray. To access them use ${args[index]}.
$#是脚本接收的参数数量。我发现使用数组更容易访问它们：该args=("$@")行将所有参数放在args数组中。要访问它们，请使用${args[index]}.
回答by robstarbuck
It's worth mentioning that you can specify argument ranges with this syntax.
值得一提的是，您可以使用此语法指定参数范围。
function example() {
echo "line1 ${@:1:1}"; #First argument
echo "line2 ${@:2:1}"; #Second argument
echo "line3 ${@:3}"; #Third argument onwards
}
I hadn't seen it mentioned.
我没有看到它提到。
回答by Vivien Barousse
abc "$@"
$@represents all the parameters given to your bash script.
$@代表给你的 bash 脚本的所有参数。
回答by andrew lorien
abc "$@" is generally the correct answer.
But I was trying to pass a parameter through to an su command, and no amount of quoting could stop the error su: unrecognized option '--myoption'. What actually worked for me was passing all the arguments as a single string :
abc "$@" 通常是正确的答案。但是我试图将参数传递给 su 命令，并且再多的引用也无法阻止错误su: unrecognized option '--myoption'。实际上对我有用的是将所有参数作为单个字符串传递：
abc "$*"
My exact case (I'm sure someone else needs this) was in my .bashrc
我的确切情况（我确定其他人需要这个）在我的 .bashrc 中
# run all aws commands as Jenkins user
aws ()
{
sudo su jenkins -c "aws $*"
}
