Linux 在 shell 脚本中使用 expect
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use expect in shell script
提问by user121196
I need to pass two arguments to expect, first one is the command to execute, the second one is the password.
我需要传递两个参数来期望，第一个是要执行的命令，第二个是密码。
here's my expect.sh
这是我的期望.sh
#!/usr/bin/expect spawn [lrange $argv 0 0] expect "password:" send [lindex $argv 1] interact
main script:
主要脚本：
./expect.sh "ssh root@$SERVER1" $SERVER1_PASS
error:
错误：
couldn't execute "{ssh [email protected]}": no such file or directory
while executing
"spawn [lrange $argv 0 0]"
(file "./expect.sh" line 2)
why?
为什么？
采纳答案by Mikel
As far as I can tell, spawn's first argument needs to be a string, not a list of string.
据我所知，spawn 的第一个参数需要是一个字符串，而不是一个字符串列表。
And trying to pass a multi-word command line as a single string is going to cause problems. I think you'd have to split on spaces before calling spawn, and that's going to break if one argument contains a space. Maybe it's better to specify the password as the first argument, and the command as the rest of the arguments.
尝试将多字命令行作为单个字符串传递会导致问题。我认为你必须在调用 spawn 之前分割空格，如果一个参数包含空格，这将会中断。也许最好将密码指定为第一个参数，将命令指定为其余参数。
So try something like:
所以尝试这样的事情：
#!/usr/bin/expect
spawn [lindex $argv 1] [lrange $argv 2 end]
expect "password:"
send [lindex $argv 0]
interact
But then even that doesn't work.
但即使这样也行不通。
According to Re: expect - spawn fails with argument liston comp.lang.tcl (Google Groups version), we have to call evalto split the list.
根据Re：expect - spawn在 comp.lang.tcl（Google Groups 版本）上的参数列表失败，我们必须调用eval以拆分列表。
So the answer should be:
所以答案应该是：
#!/usr/bin/expect
eval spawn [lrange $argv 1 end]
expect "password:"
send [lindex $argv 0]
interact
Finally, you need to be sending Enter after the password, so you want:
最后，您需要在密码后发送 Enter，因此您需要：
#!/usr/bin/expect
eval spawn [lrange $argv 1 end]
expect "password:"
send [lindex $argv 0]
send '\r'
interact
And then switch the order and don't quote the command when calling it:
然后切换顺序，调用时不要引用命令：
./expect.sh "$SERVER1_PASS" ssh root@$SERVER1
But others have already done this. We don't need to re-invent the wheel.
但其他人已经这样做了。我们不需要重新发明轮子。
See e.g. expect ssh login script
参见例如expect ssh登录脚本
回答by user2131098
I found the shell scripts quite disturbing as far as scp was concerned. I decided to use php script for it, in crontab.
我发现就 scp 而言，shell 脚本非常令人不安。我决定在 crontab 中使用 php 脚本。
Php has a function
php有一个功能
$conn = ssh2_connect($scpServer, 22);
then call
然后打电话
ssh2_auth_password($conn, $scpUser, $scpPassword);
ssh2_scp_send($conn, $scpLocalPath, $scpRemotePath);
OR
或者
ssh2_scp_recv($conn, $scpRemotePath, $scpLocalPath);
And u are done.
你已经完成了。
Of course you'll need to define the variables of user, password, and the rest
当然你需要定义用户、密码等变量
Though I advise you to create a linux user just for this purpose of scp.
尽管我建议您仅为 scp 的这个目的创建一个 linux 用户。
In order to install ssh2, try
为了安装 ssh2，请尝试
