typescript 为默认导出模块编写声明文件
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Write a declaration file for a default export module
提问by julien_c
I have a npm module called RiveScript that usually (in Javascript) gets instantiated that way:
我有一个名为 RiveScript 的 npm 模块，它通常（在 Javascript 中）以这种方式实例化：
var RiveScript = require('rivescript');
var rivescript = new RiveScript();
I'm trying to write a declaration file for the module, but am stuck at the first step. Here's what I've written so far:
我正在尝试为模块编写声明文件，但在第一步中卡住了。这是我到目前为止所写的内容：
declare module "rivescript" {
interface RivescriptOptions {
utf8?: boolean;
}
class RiveScript {
constructor(options?: RivescriptOptions);
}
export default RiveScript;
}
Then I guess in Typescript I would be using the module this way (default import):
然后我想在 Typescript 中我会以这种方式使用模块（默认导入）：
import RiveScript from 'rivescript';
let rivescript = new RiveScript();
However, tscgenerates this, which is not valid as it references a default()function:
但是，tsc生成这个，这是无效的，因为它引用了一个default()函数：
const rivescript_1 = require('rivescript');
let rivescript = new rivescript_1.default();
What am I doing wrong?
我究竟做错了什么？
回答by Pelle Jacobs
You're really close. Instead of using export default, you should use export =.
你真的很亲近。而不是使用export default，你应该使用export =.
custom-typings/rivescript.d.ts
自定义类型/rivescript.d.ts
declare module 'rivescript' {
class RiveScript {
constructor()
}
export = RiveScript
}
app.js
应用程序.js
import RiveScript = require('rivescript');
let rivescript = new RiveScript();
For more info on how to write declaration files, you should have a look at the Typescript Handbook. Eg. they have a template for 'exporting modules as a class.
有关如何编写声明文件的更多信息，您应该查看Typescript 手册。例如。他们有一个“将模块作为一个类导出”的模板。
回答by toffee
Accepted anwser works well for this question. But I want to give another idea
接受的 anwser 很适合这个问题。但我想给出另一个想法
if you want to extendsclass, add dynamic method to class at runtime.
如果要扩展类，请在运行时向类添加动态方法。
you can try (src/plugins/processor.ts)
你可以试试 (src/plugins/processor.ts)
import server from '../../server'
declare module "../../server"{
export default interface server{
process() // it's a new method of server
}
}
export default class{ //another codes, just for show I create a 'server' instance
private instance:server
constructor{
this.instance = new server()
this.instance.process() //works
}
}
in my server.ts(src/server.ts),
在我的server.ts（src/server.ts）中，
my default export class signature
我的默认导出类签名
export default class Server extends extend implements Startable<void>
Because Server is a default export, so you can change serverin export default interface serverto any valid variable name
由于服务器是一个default export，所以你可以改变server在export default interface server任何有效的变量名
for example:
例如：
export default interface anotherName
