如何使用LINQ查询商品,但还包括缺少的商品?

时间:2020-03-06 14:53:30  来源:igfitidea点击:

我正在尝试在我们的注册系统中绘制每天的注册数量。我在sql server中有一个Attendee表,该表具有smalldatetime字段A_DT,这是该人注册的日期和时间。

我从这个开始:

var dailyCountList =
    (from a in showDC.Attendee
    let justDate = new DateTime(a.A_DT.Year, a.A_DT.Month, a.A_DT.Day)
    group a by justDate into DateGroup
    orderby DateGroup.Key
    select new RegistrationCount
    {
        EventDateTime = DateGroup.Key,
        Count = DateGroup.Count()
    }).ToList();

效果很好,但是不会包含没有注册的日期,因为这些日期没有与会者记录。我希望包括每个日期,并且当没有给定日期的数据时,计数应仅为零。

所以这是我目前可以使用的解决方案,但我知道这很糟糕。
我在上面的代码中添加了以下内容:

// Create a new list of data ranging from the beginning to the end of the first list, specifying 0 counts for missing data points (days with no registrations)
var allDates = new List<RegistrationCount>();
for (DateTime date = (from dcl in dailyCountList select dcl).First().EventDateTime; date <= (from dcl in dailyCountList select dcl).Last().EventDateTime; date = date.AddDays(1))
{
    DateTime thisDate = date; // lexical closure issue - see: http://www.managed-world.com/2008/06/13/LambdasKnowYourClosures.aspx
    allDates.Add(new RegistrationCount
    {
        EventDateTime = date,
        Count = (from dclInner in dailyCountList
        where dclInner.EventDateTime == thisDate
        select dclInner).DefaultIfEmpty(new RegistrationCount
        {
            EventDateTime = date,
            Count = 0
        }).Single().Count
    });
}

因此,我创建了另一个列表,并循环查询根据查询中的第一个和最后一个注册生成的日期序列,对于日期序列中的每个项目,我查询第一个查询的结果以获取有关给定信息的信息日期,如果没有任何反应,则提供默认值。因此,我最终在这里进行了子查询,因此我想避免这种情况。

谁能提供一个优雅的解决方案?还是至少一个没有那么尴尬的东西?

解决方案

O(n)有2个枚举。尝试执行此操作之前,最好将这些项目拉到内存中。数据库有足够的工作要做而无需考虑这些东西。

if (!dailyCountList.Any())
      return;

  //make a dictionary to provide O(1) lookups for later

  Dictionary<DateTime, RegistrationCount> lookup = dailyCountList.ToDictionary(r => r.EventDateTime);

  DateTime minDate = dailyCountList[0].EventDateTime;
  DateTime maxDate = dailyCountList[dailyCountList.Count - 1].EventDateTime;

  int DayCount = 1 + (int) (maxDate - minDate).TotalDays;

  // I have the days now.
  IEnumerable<DateTime> allDates = Enumerable
    .Range(0, DayCount)
    .Select(x => minDate.AddDays(x));

  //project the days into RegistrationCounts, making up the missing ones.
  List<RegistrationCount> result = allDates
      .Select(d => lookup.ContainsKey(d) ? lookup[d] :
          new RegistrationCount(){EventDateTime = d, Count = 0})
      .ToList();

那么,左外部联接的这种语法在SP1之后是否不再有效?

通常,我们应该能够执行以下操作,但是我们需要将SQL数据库中的各种日历表与注册表中的日期键(在日期ID字段上带有外键)相结合,然后尝试:

var query =
    from cal in dataContext.Calendar
    from reg in cal.Registrations.DefaultIfEmpty()
    select new
    {
        cal.DateID,
        reg.Something
    };

问题是我们不执行查询就没有日期范围。因此,我们可以选择一个日期范围,对数据库运行SELECT MAX和SELECT MIN,或者执行查询,然后添加缺少的日期。

var allDailyCountList =
   from d in Range(dc[0].EventDateTime, dc[dc.Count - 1].EventDateTime) 
   // since you already ordered by DateTime, we don't have to search the entire List
   join dc in dailyCountList on
      d equals dc.EventDateTime
   into rcGroup
   from rc in rcGroup.DefaultIfEmpty(
      new RegistrationCount()
      {
         EventDateTime = d,
         Count = 0
      }
   ) // gives us a left join
   select rc;

public static IEnumerable<DateTime> Range(DateTime start, DateTime end) {
   for (DateTime date = start, date <= end; date = date.AddDays(1)) {
      yield return date;
   }
}