Linux 如何将最近的前 10 个文件从一个目录复制到另一个目录？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10604391/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How to copy the top 10 most recent files from one directory to another?
提问by ThinkCode
Al my html files reside here :
我的 html 文件位于此处：
/home/thinkcode/myfiles/html/
I want to move the newest 10 files to /home/thinkcode/Test
我想将最新的 10 个文件移动到 /home/thinkcode/Test
I have this so far. Please correct me. I am looking for a one-liner!
到目前为止我有这个。请纠正我。我在找单线！
ls -lt *.htm | head -10 | awk '{print "cp "" "..\Test$1}' | sh
采纳答案by aphex
ls -lt *.htm | head -10 | awk '{print "cp " " ../Test/"}' | sh
回答by Levon
ls -lt *.html | head -10 | awk '{print $NF}' | xargs -i cp {} DestDir
In the above example DestDiris the destination directory for the copy.
在上面的示例中DestDir是副本的目标目录。
Add -tafter xargs to see the commands as they execute. I.e., xargs -i -t cp {} DestDir.
-t在 xargs 之后添加以查看执行时的命令。即， xargs -i -t cp {} DestDir。
For more information check out the xargs command.
有关更多信息，请查看xargs 命令。
EDIT: As pointed out by @DennisWilliamson (and also checking the current man page) re the -ioption This option is deprecated; use -I instead..
编辑：正如@DennisWilliamson 所指出的（并检查当前手册页）重新-i选项This option is deprecated; use -I instead.。
Also, both solutions presented depend on the filenames in questions don't contain any blanks or tabs.
此外，所提供的两种解决方案都取决于问题中的文件名，不包含任何空格或制表符。
回答by Barton Chittenden
Here is a version which doesn't use ls. It should be less vulnerable to strange characters in file names:
这是一个不使用ls. 它应该不太容易受到文件名中奇怪字符的影响：
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.html' -print0
\| xargs -0 stat --printf "%Y\t%n\n"
\| sort -n
\| tail -n 10
\| cut -f 2
\| xargs cp -t ../Test/
I used findfor a couple of reasons:
我使用find了几个原因：
1) if there are too many files in a directory, bash will balk at the wildcard expansion*.
1) 如果目录中的文件太多，bash 将拒绝通配符扩展*。
2) Using the -print0argument to findgets around the problem of bash expanding whitespace in a filename in to multiple tokens.
2) 使用-print0参数来find解决 bash 将文件名中的空格扩展为多个标记的问题。
* Actually, bash shares a memory buffer for its wildcard expansion and its environment variables, so it's not strictly a function of the number of file names, but rather the total length of the file names and environment variables. Too many environment variables => no wildcard expansion.
* 实际上，bash 为其通配符扩展和环境变量共享一个内存缓冲区，因此严格来说它不是文件名数量的函数，而是文件名和环境变量的总长度。环境变量太多 => 没有通配符扩展。
EDIT: Incorporated some of @glennHymanman's improvements. Kept the initial use of findto avoid the use of the wildcard expansion which might fail in a large directory.
编辑：合并了@glennHymanman 的一些改进。保持初始使用，find以避免使用通配符扩展，这可能会在大目录中失败。
回答by gil.fernandes
cpseems to understand back-ticked commands. So you could use a command like this one to copy the 10 latest files to another folder like e.g. /test:
cp似乎理解反引号命令。因此，您可以使用这样的命令将 10 个最新文件复制到另一个文件夹，例如/test：
cp `ls -t *.htm | head -10` /test
